Question

Given below is the outline of the human body showing the important glands:

1. Name the glands marked 1 to 4.
2. Name the hormone secreted by part 2. Give one important function of this hormone.
3. Name the endocrine part of the numbered 3.
4. Why is the part labelled 1 called the master gland? Which part of the forebrain controls the gland labelled 1?
5. Name the gland that secretes the ‘emergency hormone’.

Answer 1

(i)

1. Pituitary gland
2. Thyroid gland
3. Pancreas
4. Adrenal gland

(ii) The hormone secreted by the thyroid gland is thyroxine. One important function of this hormone is to regulate basal metabolism.

(iii) The endocrine part of the pancreas is the Islets of Langerhans.

(iv) The pituitary gland is called the “master gland” because it secretes hormones that regulate and control the activity of other endocrine glands. The part of the forebrain that controls it is the hypothalamus.

(v) The gland that secretes the “emergency hormone” is the adrenal gland (specifically, the adrenal medulla).