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Question
Give geographical reasons:
The northeastern part of the Brazilian Highlands receives very less rainfall.
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Solution
- The South-East and North-East Trade Winds are the primary sources of rainfall in Brazil. These winds transport moisture from the Atlantic Ocean and are responsible for most of Brazil's rainfall.
- Brazilian Highlands stretch northward. The South-East Trade Winds are blocked by these cliffs. The winds climb, cool, and condense due to this obstacle, causing coastal orographic rainfall.
- When winds cross escarpments, their moisture content drops. Thus, interior regions beyond the highlands receive minimal rainfall. A rainshadow forms on the leeward side of the mountains.
- Northeastern Brazil receives little rainfall due to reduced moist breezes and orographic barriers. Brazil's ‘Drought Quadrilateral’ is known for its arid environment and frequent droughts.
Due to all these reasons, the north-eastern part of the Brazilian Highlands receives very little rainfall and is called a rain shadow region or a ‘Drought Quadrilateral’.
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