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Question
Give the formulae of the chlorides of the elements X and Y having atomic numbers of 3 and 6 respectively. Will the properties of the two chlorides be similar or different? Explain your answer.
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Solution
The formula of the chloride of element X is XCl (or X+Cl-). Element X has an electronic configuration of 2,1. When it reacts with chlorine with electronic configuration 2,8,7, it transfers one electron to chlorine atom to form an ionic chloride compound.
The formula of the chloride of element Y is YCl4. Element Y has an electronic configuration of 2,4. When it reacts with chlorine with electronic configuration 2,8,7, it shares its four electrons with four chlorine atoms.
Properties of the two chlorides will be different because of the difference in the natures of bonding between them. For example, XCl, being ionic in nature, must have high melting and boiling points but YCl4, being covalent in nature, must have low melting and boiling points.
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