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Explain briefly the multiple intelligences identified by Gardner? - Psychology

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Explain briefly the multiple intelligences identified by Gardner?

What are the multiple intelligence identified by Gardner?

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Solution

Gardner’s theory, based on the information processing approach, functions on three basic principles:-

  1. Intelligence is not a single entity; there exist multiple intelligences.
  2. The intelligences are independent of each other.
  3. Different types of intelligences work together to provide a solution to the problem.

Gardner has so far proposed eight intelligences, however all individuals do not possess them in equal proportion. The particular situation or the context decides the prominence of one type of intelligence over the others.

The following are the eight types of intelligence:-

  1. Linguistic: This is related to reading, writing, listening, talking, understanding, etc. Poets exhibit this ability better than others.
  2. Logical-Mathematical: This type of intelligence deals with abstract reasoning and manipulation of symbols involved in numerical problems. It is exhibited in scientific work.
  3. Spatial: This type of intelligence is involved in perceiving third dimension formation of images. It is used while navigating in space, forming, transforming and using mental images. Sailors, engineers, surgeons, pilots, care drivers, sculptors and painters have highly developed spatial intelligence.
  4. Musical: Persons with musical intelligence show sensitivity to pitch and tone required for singing, playing instruments, composing, and appreciating music.
  5. Bodily Kinesthetic: It requires the skills and dexterity for fine coordinated motor movements, such as those required for dancing, athletics, surgery, craft making, etc.
  6. Inter-personal: It requires an understanding of the motives, feelings, and behaviours of other people. Salespeople, politicians, teachers, clinicians, and religious leaders have a high degree of interpersonal intelligence.
  7. Intra-personal: It is related to understanding oneself and developing a sense of identity, e.g., philosophers and spiritual leaders.
  8. Naturalistic: It is related to recognizing the flora and fauna, i.e., the natural world, and making a distinction in the natural world. It is more possessed by hunters, farmers, tourists, students of biological sciences, etc.
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Chapter 1: Intelligence and ability - Questions [Page 1.52]

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Girishbala Mohanty Psychology [English] Class 12 ISC
Chapter 1 Intelligence and ability
Questions | Q 25. | Page 1.52

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