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Question
Elements \[\ce{X, Y}\] and \[\ce{Z}\] have 4, 5 and 7 valence electrons respectively. Which of these compounds will have the highest dipole moment?
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Solution
Elements \[\ce{X, Y}\] and \[\ce{Z}\] having 4, 5 and 7 valence electrons respectively belongs to the second period and group 14th, 15th and 17th. The electronegativity of the elements increases on moving across the period and the dipole moment is calculated by the difference in the electronegativity of the atoms in a molecular structure. Higher the difference in the electronegativity will be the dipole moment. So, the dipole moment of \[\ce{H - Z}\] will be the highest.
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