Question

Elements \[\ce{X, Y}\] and \[\ce{Z}\] have 4, 5 and 7 valence electrons respectively. Which of these compounds will have the highest dipole moment?

Answer 1

Elements \[\ce{X, Y}\] and \[\ce{Z}\] having 4, 5 and 7 valence electrons respectively belongs to the second period and group 14^th, 15^th and 17^th. The electronegativity of the elements increases on moving across the period and the dipole moment is calculated by the difference in the electronegativity of the atoms in a molecular structure. Higher the difference in the electronegativity will be the dipole moment. So, the dipole moment of \[\ce{H - Z}\] will be the highest.