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Question
Draw a neat labelled diagram showing a pulley being used to lift a load. How are load and effort related in an ideal situation?
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Solution
To raise a load, the load is attached to one end of the string and the effort is applied at the other end by pulling it is a downward direction . as shown in fig.

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Answer the following in detail.
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Explain how a gear system can be used to obtain gain in torque? Given one example.
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The diagram below shows a pulley arrangement.
- Name the pulleys A and B.
- In the diagram, mark the direction of tension on each strand of string.
- What is the purpose of the pulley B?
- If the tension is T, deduce the relation between
- T and E, and
- E and L.
- What is the velocity ratio of the arrangement?
- Assuming that the efficiency of the system is 100%, what is the mechanical advantage?

What is the use of a fixed pulley?
Fig shown a block and tackles system of pulleys used to lift a load.

(i) How many strands of tackle are supporting the load?
(ii) Draw arrows to represent tension in each stand.
(iii) What is the mechanical advantage of the system?
(iv) When load is pulled up by a distance 1 m how far does the effort end move?
What is a block and tackle system of pulleys?
What is a block and tackle system of pulleys? What precautions would you observe while rounding the string so that the effort is applied in the downward direction?
Complete the table.
| S. No | Types of Simple Machine | Example |
| 1. | Pulley | |
| 2. | Wheel and axle | |
| 3. | Wedge | |
| 4. | Inclined plan | |
| 5. | Lever | |
| 6. | Screw |
