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Question
Differentiate between:
Detergents and Soaps.
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Solution
Differentiate between: Detergents and soaps
| Detergents | Soaps | ||
| i. | Detergents are generally ammonium or sulphonate salts of long-chain carboxylic acids. | i. | Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long-chain carboxylic acids. |
| ii. | Detergents have a strong cleansing action. | ii. | Soaps have relatively weak cleansing action. |
| iii. | Oils or fats are not used in their manufacture, usually, petrochemicals are used to produce detergents. | iii. | Vegetable oils or animal fats are used along with hydroxide of sodium or potassium to manufacture soaps. |
| iv. | They function well in hard or soft water. | iv. | They do not work well in had water but work well in soft water. |
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RELATED QUESTIONS
A student takes about 4 ml of distilled water in four test tubes marked P, Q, R and S. He then dissolves in each test tube an equal amount of one salt in one test tube, namely sodium sulphate in P, potassium sulphate in Q, calcium sulphate in R and magnesium sulphate in S. After that he adds an equal amount of soap solution in each test tube. On shaking each of these test tubes well, he observes a good amount of lather (foam) in the test tube marked
(A) P and Q
(B) Q and R
(C) P, Q and S
(D) P, R and S
In the neighbourhood of your school, hard water required for an experiment is not available. Select from the following group of salts available in your school, a group each member of which, if dissolved in distilled water, will make it hard:
(a) Sodium chloride, calcium chloride
(b) Potassium chloride, sodium chloride
(c) Sodium chloride, magnesium chloride
(d) Calcium chloride, magnesium chloride
Which of the following sets of materials can be used for conducting a saponification reaction for the preparation of soap?
(a) Ca(OH)2 and neem oil
(b) NaOH and neem oil
(c) NaOH and mineral oil
(d) Ca(OH)2 and mineral oil
Would you be able to check if water is hard by using a detergent?
Distinguish between esterfication and saponification reaction with the help of the chemical equations for each.
Mention the essential material (chemicals) to prepare soap in the laboratory. Describe in brief the test of determining the nature (acidic/alkaline) of the reaction mixture of saponification reaction.
Why is soap not suitable for washing clothes when the water is hard?
What is the difference between soaps and detergents? State, in brief, the cleansing action of soaps in removing an oily spot from a fabric. Why are soaps not very effective when a fabric is washed in hard water? How is this problem resolved?
What is meant by ‘surface activity’?
Soaps were originally made from ______.
Water, coconut oil, and _______ are necessary for soap preparation.
TFM in soaps represents ______ content in soap.
______ to remove strong strains on the clothes.
______ are substances which can undergo chemical changes to produce certain materials.
______ molecules go and join with dirt and oil in the cloth.
What are soaps?
