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Question
What are detergents chemically? List two merits and two demerits of using detergents for cleansing. State the reason for the suitability of detergents for washing, event in the case of water having calcium and magnesium ions.
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Solution
Detergents are generally ammonium or sulphonate salts of long chain carboxylic acids.
Merits of detergents:
(i) Detergent works properly even if the water is hard
(ii) Detergent has better cleansing action than soap.
Demerits of detergents:
(i) Detergents are non-biodegradable.
(ii) Detergents cause environmental and health problems.
Detergents are suitable for cleansing even in hard water because the charged ends of these compounds do not form insoluble precipitates with the calcium and magnesium ions in hard water.
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RELATED QUESTIONS
A student took four test tubes P, Q, R and S and filled about 8 mL of distilled water in each. After that he dissolved an equal amount of Na2SO4 in P, K2SO4 in Q, CaSO4 in R and MgSO4 in S. On adding an equal amount of soap solution and shaking each test tube well, a good amount of lather will be obtained in the test tubes:
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