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प्रश्न
What are detergents chemically? List two merits and two demerits of using detergents for cleansing. State the reason for the suitability of detergents for washing, event in the case of water having calcium and magnesium ions.
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उत्तर
Detergents are generally ammonium or sulphonate salts of long chain carboxylic acids.
Merits of detergents:
(i) Detergent works properly even if the water is hard
(ii) Detergent has better cleansing action than soap.
Demerits of detergents:
(i) Detergents are non-biodegradable.
(ii) Detergents cause environmental and health problems.
Detergents are suitable for cleansing even in hard water because the charged ends of these compounds do not form insoluble precipitates with the calcium and magnesium ions in hard water.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Differentiate between Toilet soap and Laundry soap.
Describe in brief the cleansing action of soap.
A student takes about 4 ml of distilled water in four test tubes marked P, Q, R and S. He then dissolves in each test tube an equal amount of one salt in one test tube, namely sodium sulphate in P, potassium sulphate in Q, calcium sulphate in R and magnesium sulphate in S. After that he adds an equal amount of soap solution in each test tube. On shaking each of these test tubes well, he observes a good amount of lather (foam) in the test tube marked
(A) P and Q
(B) Q and R
(C) P, Q and S
(D) P, R and S
Give reasons for the following observation:
Use of synthetic detergents causes pollution of water.
Why have detergents replaced soap as a washing agent?
Which of the two is better for washing clothes when the water is hard: soap or detergent? Give reason for your answer.
Give any two differences between soaps and detergents.
In a soap micelle, the soap molecules are arranged radially with:
(a) ionic ends directed towards the centre and hydrocarbon ends directed outwards
(b) hydrocarbon ends directed towards the centre and ionic ends directed outwards
(c) both ionic ends and hydrocarbon ends directed toward the centre
(d) both hydrocarbon ends and ionic ends directed outwards
Explain the action of soap in removing an oily spot from a piece of cloth.
What are the differences between Bath soap and soap for washing clothes?
