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प्रश्न
Differentiate between:
Detergents and Soaps.
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उत्तर
Differentiate between: Detergents and soaps
| Detergents | Soaps | ||
| i. | Detergents are generally ammonium or sulphonate salts of long-chain carboxylic acids. | i. | Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long-chain carboxylic acids. |
| ii. | Detergents have a strong cleansing action. | ii. | Soaps have relatively weak cleansing action. |
| iii. | Oils or fats are not used in their manufacture, usually, petrochemicals are used to produce detergents. | iii. | Vegetable oils or animal fats are used along with hydroxide of sodium or potassium to manufacture soaps. |
| iv. | They function well in hard or soft water. | iv. | They do not work well in had water but work well in soft water. |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Both soap and detergent are some type of salts. What is the difference between them?
In a locality, hard water, required for an experiment, is not available. However, the following salts are available in the school laboratory:
1. Sodium sulphate
2. Calcium sulphate
3. Magnesium chloride
4. Sodium chloride
5. Calcium chloride
6. Potassium sulphate
Which of the above salts may be dissolved in water to obtain hard water for the experiment?
(A) 2, 3 and 5
(B) 1, 2 and 5
(C) 1, 2, 4 and 6
(D) 3 and 5 only
Explain the formation of scum when hard water is treated with soap.
What change will you observe if you test soap with litmus paper (red and blue)?
Distinguish between esterfication and saponification reaction with the help of the chemical equations for each.
Mention the essential material (chemicals) to prepare soap in the laboratory. Describe in brief the test of determining the nature (acidic/alkaline) of the reaction mixture of saponification reaction.
Explain esterification reaction with the help of a chemical equation. Describe an activity to show esterification.
The sodium salt of a long chain fatty acid is called ______.
What change will you observe if you test soap solution with a litmus paper (red and blue)? Give reason for your observation.
Why is soap not suitable for washing clothes when the water is hard?
Why have detergents replaced soap as a washing agent?
Describe the structure of a soap molecule with the help of a diagram.
The soap molecule has a ______.
In a soap micelle, the soap molecules are arranged radially with:
(a) ionic ends directed towards the centre and hydrocarbon ends directed outwards
(b) hydrocarbon ends directed towards the centre and ionic ends directed outwards
(c) both ionic ends and hydrocarbon ends directed toward the centre
(d) both hydrocarbon ends and ionic ends directed outwards
The chemical which is not required for the preparation of soap in the laboratory is:
(a) vegetable oil
(b) baking soda
(c) caustic soda
(d) common salt
The chemical mostly used in the preparation of most of the soaps we use is
(a) Sodium chloride
(b) Potassium hydroxide
(c) Sodium hydroxide
(a) Potassium chloride
What is meant by ‘surface activity’?
______ are substances which can undergo chemical changes to produce certain materials.
The soap molecule has a
Why do soaps not work effectively in hard water?
