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Question
Describe the important properties of enzymes.
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Solution
Properties of enzymes:
- Enzymes are complex macromolecules with a high molecular weight.
- They catalyse biochemical reactions in a cell. They help in the breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules or bring together two smaller molecules to form a larger molecule.
- Enzymes do not start a reaction. However, they help accelerate it.
- Enzymes affect the rate of biochemical reactions, not the direction.
- Most of the enzymes have a high turnover number. The turnover number of an enzyme is the number of molecules of a substance that are acted upon by the enzyme per minute. A high turnover number of enzymes increases the efficiency of the reaction.
- Enzymes are specific in action.
- Enzymatic activity decreases with an increase in temperature.
- They show maximum activity at an optimum pH of 5 –7.
- The velocity of enzyme increases with increase in substrate concentration and then, ultimately reaches maximum velocity.
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