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प्रश्न
Describe the important properties of enzymes.
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उत्तर
Properties of enzymes:
- Enzymes are complex macromolecules with a high molecular weight.
- They catalyse biochemical reactions in a cell. They help in the breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules or bring together two smaller molecules to form a larger molecule.
- Enzymes do not start a reaction. However, they help accelerate it.
- Enzymes affect the rate of biochemical reactions, not the direction.
- Most of the enzymes have a high turnover number. The turnover number of an enzyme is the number of molecules of a substance that are acted upon by the enzyme per minute. A high turnover number of enzymes increases the efficiency of the reaction.
- Enzymes are specific in action.
- Enzymatic activity decreases with an increase in temperature.
- They show maximum activity at an optimum pH of 5 –7.
- The velocity of enzyme increases with increase in substrate concentration and then, ultimately reaches maximum velocity.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Define enzymes.
Enzymes that catalyse the interconversion of optical, geometrical, or positional isomers are
What are the factors affecting the rate of enzyme reaction?
Briefly outline the classification of enzymes
Maltose - X + Y, Identify X and Y in the presence of the enzyme maltase.
Match the enzymes with their respective substrates and choose the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | pancreatic lipase | a. | Dipeptides |
| ii. | Nucleases | b. | Fats |
| iii. | Lactase | c. | Nucleic acids |
| iv. | Dipeptidases | d. | Lactose |
Bile salts bring about emulsification of fats and activate the enzyme ______.
The pocket into which a substrate binds to an enzyme is called as ____________.
Study the following statements and select correct option.
Statement I: Removal of co-factors from the enzyme disrupts the catalytic activity of the enzyme.
Statement II: Prosthetic groups bound tightly to apoenzymes in order to make them catalytically active.
Prosthetic groups differ from co-enzymes in that-
Match the Column I (Enzymes) with Column II (Functions) and select the correct option:
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Restriction endonuclease | a. | Joins the DNA fragments |
| ii. | Restriction exonuclease | b. | Extends primers on genomic DNA template |
| iii. | DNA ligase | c. | Cuts DNA at Specific position |
| iv. | Taq polymerase | d. | Removes nucleotides from the ends of DNA |
From the following identify the condition/s that does not result in complete destruction of enzymes?
The rate of enzyme reactions rises with the increase in substrate concentration. But it does NOT increase beyond a certain concentration because ______
Enzymes can react with acidic or basic substances due to their ______ nature.
What are different classes of enzymes? Explain any two with the type of reaction they catalyse.
In glycolysis, the enzyme dehydrogenase is involved in ______.
Enzymes are different from catalysts in ______.
