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प्रश्न
Describe the important properties of enzymes.
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उत्तर
Properties of enzymes:
- Enzymes are complex macromolecules with a high molecular weight.
- They catalyse biochemical reactions in a cell. They help in the breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules or bring together two smaller molecules to form a larger molecule.
- Enzymes do not start a reaction. However, they help accelerate it.
- Enzymes affect the rate of biochemical reactions, not the direction.
- Most of the enzymes have a high turnover number. The turnover number of an enzyme is the number of molecules of a substance that are acted upon by the enzyme per minute. A high turnover number of enzymes increases the efficiency of the reaction.
- Enzymes are specific in action.
- Enzymatic activity decreases with an increase in temperature.
- They show maximum activity at an optimum pH of 5 –7.
- The velocity of enzyme increases with increase in substrate concentration and then, ultimately reaches maximum velocity.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Protein part of the enzyme is known as ______.
____________ refers to enzymes that act at a site far away from the site of its synthesis.
Which enzyme catalyzes following reaction?
OAA + acetyl-Co-A → Citrate + Co-A
Prosthetic groups differ from co-enzymes in that-
Glycosidic bonds would be broken under the activity of which enzyme?
Study the following statements with respect to enzymes and select the correct option.
- Most of the enzymes work at an optimum temperature between 20°C and 35°C.
- Enzymes are destroyed at lower temperature of 10-20°C.
- Each enzyme exhibits its highest activity at a specific pH i.e. optimum pH.
Match the Column I (Enzymes) with Column II (Functions) and select the correct option:
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Restriction endonuclease | a. | Joins the DNA fragments |
| ii. | Restriction exonuclease | b. | Extends primers on genomic DNA template |
| iii. | DNA ligase | c. | Cuts DNA at Specific position |
| iv. | Taq polymerase | d. | Removes nucleotides from the ends of DNA |
The enzymes get denatured ______.
The rate of enzyme reactions rises with the increase in substrate concentration. But it does NOT increase beyond a certain concentration because ______
Enzymes can react with acidic or basic substances due to their ______ nature.
What are different classes of enzymes? Explain any two with the type of reaction they catalyse.
Enzyme sucrase belongs to which one of the following classes?
In glycolysis, the enzyme dehydrogenase is involved in ______.
Enzymes are different from catalysts in ______.
Which of the following is a coenzyme?
Enzymes, vitamins and hormones can be classified into a single category of biological chemicals, because all of these ______.
Enzymes that catalyse removal of group of atoms from substrate molecule, other than hydrolysis, leaving double bonds are______.
