Question

Define ‘Planning’.

Answer 1

1. Koontz and O’Donnell: “Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it, and who is to do it. Planning bridges the gap from where we are and where we want to go. It makes possible things to occur which would not otherwise occur.”
2. James Stoner: “Planning is the process of establishing goals and a suitable course of action for achieving these goals.”