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Questions
Compare dia, para and ferromagnetism.
How is ferromagnetism different from paramagnetism?
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Solution
| Diamagnetism | Paramagnetism | Ferromagnetism | |
| 1. | A force tends to move the material from the stronger part to the weaker part of the external field. | Weak magnetism in the direction of the applied field. | Strong magnetism in the direction of the applied field. |
| 2. | Each electron has finite orbital magnetic dipole moments. | Each atom has a net magnetic dipole moment. | Have a net dipole moment as in a paramagnetic material. |
| 3. | Since the orbital planes are orientated in a random manner, the vector sum of magnetic moments is zero. | Due to the random orientation of the magnetic moments, the net magnetic moment of the material is zero. | Within each domain, the magnetic moments are spontaneously aligned in a direction. |
| 4. | The resultant magnetic moment for each atom is zero. | There is a net magnetic dipole moment induced in the direction of the applied field. | Since the direction of magnetisation varies from domain to domain, the net magnetisation of the specimen is zero. |
| 5. | E.g.: Bismuth, copper, water, etc. | E.g.: Aluminium, platinum, oxygen, etc. | E.g.: Iron, cobalt, nickel, etc. |
Notes
Students should refer to the answer according to their questions.
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