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Question
Answer the following.
A solvent and its solution containing a nonvolatile solute are separated by a semipermeable membrane. Does the flow of solvent occur in both directions? Comment giving a reason.
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Solution
1. When a solution and pure solvent or two solutions of different concentrations are separated by a semipermeable membrane, the solvent molecules pass through the membrane.
2. The passage of solvent molecules through the semipermeable membrane takes place in both directions, since the solvent is on both sides of the membrane.
3. However, the rate of passage of solvent molecules into the solution or from a more dilute solution to more concentrated solution is found to be greater than the rate in the reverse direction.
4. This is favorable since the vapour pressure of solvent is greater than that of solution.
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