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Question
An X element with atomic number 11 and Y element with atomic number 13 belongs to the third period in the modern periodic table. With this information, give the answers of the below questions.
- Which element has more metallic character from these two elements?
- What is the valency of each X and Y elements?
- Atom size of Y element is smaller than atom size of X element. Explain.
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Solution
- Element X has more metallic character than element Y.
- Valency:
Element X = 1
Element Y = 3
i. Both elements X and Y belong to the period 3.
ii. While going from left to right in a period, atomic number increases. So, positive charge on the nucleus increases. At the same time, electrons get added in the same outermost shell.
iii. This increases effective nuclear charge. As a result, electrons are attracted closer to the nucleus decreasing the size of the atom.
iv. Thus, atomic radius goes on decreasing while going from left to right in a period. Hence, atom size of Y element is smaller than atom size of X element.
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