CBSE solutions for इंग्लिश वर्कबुक इयत्ता १० chapter 2 - Tenses (Integrated Grammar practice 1) [Latest edition]

Let us begin by studying the relationship between the different verb forms and the time they denote.

Work individually

Indicate the tense and time of each of the highlighted verbs in the table below.
The first has been done as an example.

Now compare your answers with those of your partner and discuss the
following questions and write your observations in the given space.

a.  Is the time referred to in the sentences always the same as the tense of
the verb? What conclusion can you draw from your observation? Write
your observation below.

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b.  How have you found the tense of the verbs in the sentences above? Are
there any indicators or markers that reveal the tense of the verb? Write
your observation below.

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c.  Did you find any verb form that could be called 'future form'? (You will
learn more about the different ways of talking about future later in this
unit.)

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d.  Why do you think verb forms are often labelled as 'simple' or 'indefinite', 'progressive' or 'continuous', 'perfect' and 'perfect continuous'?

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• S + is/am/are + verb + ing
• S + is/am/are + not + verb + ing.
• Is/am/are + S + verb + ing?
• S + is/am/are + being + Verb (past participle)

Complete the following sentence by filling in the blank with the present progressive form of the given verb.

“You’ve put on weight, Cheryl.”
“Yes. I ______ (eat) a lot these days.”

Complete the following sentence by filling in the blank with the present progressive form of the given verb.

“Hurry up! We ______(get) late for school.”
“Just a second, please! I ______(come).”

Complete the following sentence by filling in the blank with the present progressive form of the given verb.

Temperatures ______(rise) all over the world.

Complete the following sentence by filling in the blank with the present progressive form of the given verb.

“You ______ not ______(wear) this dirty shirt to office. Wait, I’ll give you another.”

Complete the following sentence by filling in the blank with the present progressive form of the given verb.

“I ______ not ______(do) your homework-forget it. I still haven’t forgotten how you fought with me in the morning.”

Complete the following sentence by filling in the blank with the present progressive form of the given verb.

The Prime Minister ______(leave) for Russia tomorrow on a 5 day state visit.

Complete the following sentence by filling in the blank with the present progressive form of the given verb.

“You ______(be) very rude, Abhi.”

Complete the following sentence by filling in the blank with the present progressive form of the given verb.

She always ______(make) excuses for coming late.

Complete the following sentence by filling in the blank with the present progressive form of the given verb.

Aabha ______(write) a novel these days.

The table below shows different uses or meanings of the present progressive. Match the verbs in the previous sentences with the uses or meanings they convey.

Verbs that are normally NOT used in the progressive form.

1. Which sentence in each of the following pairs is acceptable and
why?

1. a. I am respecting you.
    b. I respect you.
2. a. My son loves to draw and paint.
    b. My son is loving to draw and paint.
3. a. We are having two cars.
    b. We have two cars.
4. a. I am thinking you are new to this place.
    b. I think you are new to this place.
5. a. The cake smells good.
    b. The cake is smelling good.

Can you explain the difference between?
1. a. l justcan'timaginehowyougotintosuchamess.
b. You're imagining things nothing will happen.

2. a. The coffee tastes bitter
b. Mother is tasting coffee to check ifit is too bitter.

3. a. My teacher admires my art work
b. She is admiring the latest painting I have made.

4. a. The doctor is feeling the patient's pulse.
b. The patient is feeling better.

Complete the following sentences with the appropriate forms of the given verbs.

1. Every day I(go) to school in a bus but today I (go) by car because the bus operators are on strike.

2. "Baichung Bhutia (pass) the ball to Bannerjee; Bannerjee (take) a shot at the goal but it (be) way above the goal post. The Indians (attack) much more now ... "

3. I (think) you (make) a mistake by signing this contract.

4. The doctor (say) mother (respond) to the treatment well.

5. Farzana (be) not well. She (not come) to school today.

Study the following picture carefully and then write a paragraph to describe what is happening.

Here is a letter Nikita wrote to her friend Susie who lives in Milan, Italy. What verb forms has she used in this letter? Bas she used a mix of verb forms? Is there any particular form that has been used more frequently?
Dear Susie
It's a beautiful Sunday morning. Rakesh is busy with some office work and the kids are playing in the park outside and I've time enough to write a quick letter to you.

So, how are you doing? How's your new novel coming along? I hear you're learning Bharatnatyam these days. Couldn't believe it when Sharon told me about it. Bhartnatyam in Milani Never knew there is an Indian Dance school in Italy. Interesting! By the way, who are you taking dance lessons from? I mean, who is your Guru? And why are you learning Bharatnatyam? Must you do everything that I do?
What happened to your plan to visit us this winter? Well, winter is round the corner. When are you coming? How long do you plan to stay? What places would you like to visit? Do let me know, will you? I'll make your itinerruy accordingly. Remember, this time when you come, you are not staying at any hotel as you did last time. You will stay with us. I have a room spare for you to stay as long as you wish. OK? As for the weather, I've already told you, winter is setting in. It's beginning to get cold, especially in the mornings and the evenings. The temperature is falling with each passing day and it's just the right kind of weather for some travel and adventure. Delhi is at its best in the early winter and it is waiting to welcome you with open arms. And how's your mom's health now? Is she keeping well? Is she getting physiotherapy done regularly? I continue to pray for her speedy recovery. I think I got to go now. The kids seem to have had a fight. I can hear the youngerone crying. These boys are giving me a difficult time! Catchyoulater. Bye
Yours
Nikita

As Susie, write a reply to Nikita's letter. Do take care to answer all the
questions Nikita has asked you. What verb forms would you like to use?
Milan
25th October, 2011
Dear Nikita

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Yours
Susie

Form
• Have/has+ past participle
• Have/ has+ been + past participle
Work individually

Complete the following sentences by using the present perfect form (as
given in C.l)ofthe given verbs.
a) The kids (work) really hard for the show. Now, don't cancel it, please.
b) Yippyl I (select) for the interschool dance competition!
c) I ... (contest) five elections so far.
d) John? 0, he is a delightful boy. I (know) him since his childhood.
e) ... you ever (be) to the Taj Mahal?
• The box below shows different uses or meanings of the present perfect. Match the sentences above with the uses or meanings of the present perfect they illustrate.
i) Something that has happened several times up to the present.
ii) Announcement or news of a recent event.
iii) Finished event connected with the present.
iv) An action or situation that has continued up to the present.
v} Finished event at some/ any time up to now.
Answer: i - c; ii - b; iii - a; iv - d; v - e

Present Perfect vs. Simple Past

a. Explain the difference in the meaning of the following pairs of
sentences. You may like to use the given hints.

1. a. I have been a teacher for five years.
b. I was a teacher for five years.
(Hint: Is the speaker still a teacher?)
2. a. I always got good marks in English.
b. I have always got good marks in English.
(Hint: Is the speaker still studying?)
3. a. Geeta has never met her cousin.
b. Geeta never met her cousin.
(Hint: Is Geeta's cousin alive?)
4. a. I have never been to Timbuktu.
b. I never went to Timbuktu.
(Is the speaker talking about a particular journey or his travels so far?)
5. a. Jose has completed seven assignments today.
b. Jose completed seven assignments today.
(Hint: Is the day over? Has Jose more assignments to write?)

Present Perfect vs. Simple Past

b. What conclusion can you draw from these sentences about the use of present perfect and simple past forms of verbs?

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Look at the incomplete sentences below. Using the information provided, complete each sentence using a suitable tense. Follow the examples:

1947 until now India I has been (be) independent since 1947.

1947 India became (become) independent in 1947.

1. 1947 until now l There --------- (be) manywars.
2. 1991 There ------- (be) a war in the Persian Gulf.
3. 1953 -------- Edmund Hilary and Tensing first (climb) Everest.
4. 1953 until now Many people ________ (climb)Everest.
5. 1983 India --------- (win) the Prudential Cricket World Cup in England.
6. 1983 until now India -------- (win) many limited-overs cricket trophies.

The present perfect is often used with the following time expressions:

until now                                          for many years                    

so far                                                over the last few years

lately                                                in the past few months
not yet                                             since20xx

recently
in recent years

Choose five of these time expressions and make sentences about interesting
items of news concerning yourself.

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Now make groups of four, and tell (not read) each other your news.

What has been the situation of your village/town/city five to ten years ago and how has it changed since then? Write a short paragraph describing the changes in its size, population, traftlc, buildings, lifestyle etc. Which verb forms would you mainly use to describe the changes? (Hint: Simple Past and Present Perfect forms.)

Your teacher will divide the class into groups of four and ask each group, to present a TV/Radio News Bulletin. In each group, students may take turns to be news presenters and correspondents. The news presenters may break the news and ask the correspondents to give details of what has happened/is happening. Your group may like to include the following news in your bulletin.

1. National News
2. International News
3. Local News
4. Sports News
5. Weather Related News
6. News from the world of Fashion
7. News from the world of Cinema
8. School News

After the bulletin is over, discuss the verb forms mostly used.

Simple Past Tense-Past Perfect Tense

Underline the main verbs in the sentences below. Then, rewrite the sentences in the correct order of events.

1) The people began to starve.
2) In 1925, a disease destroyed the crops in one village.
3) Later, the village people came to retrieve their children
4) The chief decided to send the children of the village to live in a settlement in the next valley.
5) However, they had married outside the village.
6) This caused a war between the two villages.

__________________

__________________

Now work with your partner and tick (✓) the sentence in which a different tense has been used. In pairs, discuss why this has been done.
Sentence No: 5 uses a different tense because ..................................................................................................................................................

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Study the following sentences.
1) I didn't know Jim had migrated to the United States.
2) When we arrived at the theatre, the show had already begun.
3) The patient had died before the ambulance reached the hospital.
4) He had got married by the time he started working.
5) I couldn't open the locker because I had mislaid the keys.
6) Byom Bakshi felt that he had seen the man somewhere before.
As you can see, each of the above sentences describes two different actions, events or situations. Work with a partner and list them as shown in the example.

What verb forms have been used in (A) and (B) respectively?
A. ....................................................................
B ....................................................................

What conclusion can you draw from your analysis?

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Complete the following sentences correctly by using the simple past or
past perfect forms of the given verbs.
1) We ____ already (reach) home when Irlan __ (say) that he (forget) his books at school.

 2) Wendy (wake up) late, then she ____ (miss) her school bus, so by the time she (reach) school, it already (start).

3) I ___ (visit) my town again ten years after I _____ (leave) it and ___ (find) thatit completely (change).

4) When Feroze and Mehr (meet) for the first time, they ___ _ (not like) each other but now they are married.

Find the incorrect sentences and then rewrite them correctly. Put a tick mark (✓)against the sentences that you think are correct.
1) By 2005, the singer recorded ten albums.
2) When I got to the bank, it had closed.
3) Timothy, the tiger, had killed five calves yesterday.
4) When Rehman met Mini ten years later, she grew up into a young girl.
5) By the time we reached the airport, the flight had left.
6) We hardly went a kilometre or so when the car broke down.

Carefully study each of the following events or situations described in a set of three sentences/phrases. Then, write a short paragraph to describe each event/situation as shown in the example. Your paragraph should begin with the description of the second event in each case. Use the verb form had+ past participle to describe the earliest of the past events.

The following graph shows the number of visitors (in millions) visiting the famous Salarjung Museum in Hyderabad between 2000 and 2010 as well  as the number of visitors expected to visit it in the next ten years.

Now write short paragraphs to describe the trends in the other groups of visitors featured in the graph.

• Overseas Visitors

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• Domestic Visitors

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• Total Number ofVisitors

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Work with apartner
In the following sentences, choose and circle the verb form you think best fits the meaning of each sentence. You have been provided an example.

Working with the same partner, use the information given below and
discuss the reasons for choosing a particular verb form in F .1. Then match
the information in the bubbles below with the sentences, and put the
sentence number in the space provided, as shown in the example.

Tenses -Summary

Read the biodata of Sangeeta Rani Puri, India's swimming sensation. Then, complete the interview in the spaces provided. Do NOT add any extra information. Use appropriate tenses.

Interviewer: Sangeeta, since you were in India for only a short while before
you flew to Atlanta, would you tell us a little about yourself?
 Sangeeta : Well, I'm an Indian and I'm proud to be one.
I: Please tell us about your parents.
S: My father ____________________
_______________________ from Trinidad.

I: Have you taken part in any of the National Championships?
S: (Very excited) Yes,_________at Vijaywada.

I: How ______________________________________________ Senior Nationals?

S: I won seven events and __________
I: How do you rate your performance in the Altanta Olympics in 1996?
S: I ___________________________ in the 50 metres freestyle. It's true that I _____________in Atlanta. But _____________________
I: Haveyou ___________________ forthefuture?
S: I in the USA. And of course I ____________for as long as possible. Also I _______________________ in the olympics.
I: Thank you, Sangeeta. I wish you all the best.
S: Thankyouverymuch.

Complete the passage by choosing the correct options from those given below.

Pleasure and pain are inseparable facets (a) ______ human existence. While the experience of (b) ______ well-being is rather vague and intangible, (c) ______ of pain is real, and affects our body, mind and spirit, (d) ______ our lives in more ways than one. Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience caused (e) ______ tissue damage that (f) ______ from physical trauma, burns, illness, injury or surgery. Despite the agony caused (g) ______ pain, it is essential (h) ______ our survival. Pain (i) ______ an alarm bell, (j) ______ you to pay immediate attention and take quick action.

1. (i) in (ii) on (iii) of (iv) by
2. (i) our (ii) yours (iii) one (iv) your
3. (i) experiencing (ii) experience (iii) experiences (iv) experienced
4. (i) alter (ii) alters (iii) altered (iv) altering
5. (i) by (ii) with (iii) in (iv) on
6. (i) resulted (ii) is resulting (iii) result (iv) results
7. (i) by (ii) on (iii) in (iv) of
8. (i) of (ii) for (iii) with (iv) by
9. (i) rang (ii) is ringing (iii) rung (iv) rings
10. (i) alerted (ii) alerting (iii) alerts (iv) alert

Geetika is learning about China in her Geography classes. She has to give a short talk to her class about Shanghai. Read the notes she has made and then complete the speech she prepares for her class. Do not add any new information. Write only the correct answers against the correct blank numbers in your answer sheets.

SHANGHAI

• largest Chinese port city
• handles 50% Chinese exports and imports
• most heavy population in the world
• industrial city number of industries present
• 1842-important after Treaty of Nanking

Shanghai (a) ______ and 50% of all Chinese exports and imports (b) ______ It has also become famous (c) ______ in the world. It can be called (d) ______ number of industries present here. (e) ______ after the Treaty of Nanking was signed here.

1. (i) is the largest port city of China
   (ii) is a largest port city of China
   (iii) was a largest port city in China
   (iv) was the largest port city in China
2. (i) was handled there
   (ii) has been handled here
   (iii) are handled here
   (iv) are being handled there
3. (i) has the more population
   (ii) as the most populous city
   (iii) has the heavy population
   (iv) is the most populated city
4. (i) an industrial city because of the
   (ii) the industrial city because a
   (iii) a industrial city as there is the
   (iv) an industrial city that has the
5. (i) It has the historical importance.
   (ii) It gained historic importance
   (iii) It is an historic importance
   (iv) It has gained historical importance

The following passage has not been edited. There is ONE error in each of the first nine lines. Write the incorrect word and the correction as given in the example against the correct blank number in the space provided. Also underline the correct word you have supplied as shown.

Malaria, caused by the bite of a female Anopheles e.g a......the

mosquito will become dangerous if care was not taken. a) ______

The bite of the mosquito transfer the parasite into b) ______

the human system. Malaria is accompanied with high c) ______

fever and shivering. This mosquitoes breed in d) ______

stagnant water, in puddles, on coolers etc. It is e) ______

important to take care that water do not collect f) ______

in and around the houses. Garbage can also g) ______

be regularly removed so that mosquitoes will not h) ______

breed in such damp wastes.

Rearrange the following words and phrases to make a meaningful sentence.

always / the same / Earth’s / climate / stayed / hasn’t

Rearrange the following words and phrases to make a meaningful sentence.

an / a period / periodically / of / cold weather / called / the / goes through / especially / Earth / ice age

Rearrange the following words and phrases to make a meaningful sentence.

an / during / ice age / polar glaciers / grow / the / bigger.

Rearrange the following words and phrases to make a meaningful sentence.

an ice age / at / of / glaciers / the peak / may cover / a third / as much as / the Earth / of

Read the news items given below. Use the information in the headlines to complete the sentences.

1. Ambala police to hire private detectives 
______

to help the Ambala police force in better investigation.

2. Plea against IT officer dismissed

The Haryana High Court
______

filed by Coca Cola India Inc. against the assistant commissioner of income tax, Gurgaon, and other respondents.

3. Three IAS officers transferred

The Haryana government

______

and 11 Superintendents of Police, including the Bhiwani SP along with the Deputy Commissioner.

4. New district magistrate takes charges

______

after that transfer of the erstwhile DM.

Read the following conversation carefully and complete the following passage by filling in the blank spaces appropriately. Do not add any new information. Write the answers in your answer sheet against the correct blank number.

The patient told the doctor (a) ______. The doctor told him to sit down as (b) ______. He also requested the patient (c) ______. The patient then enquired (d) ______.

Given below is a description of what happened during a fire. One word has been omitted in each line. Mark the place where you think a word has been omitted using ‘/’. Write the word you think is missing in the space provided.

There was a fire our street yesterday morning. ______

When I woke up, I looked of the window and saw ______

smoke pouring out of house opposite. Then I ______

saw fire engines arriving their sirens ______

blaring. First one turned the corner and stopped outside ______

the house. All the firemen dashed the house and ______

ran upstairs to the bedrooms. A woman screaming ______

from an upstairs window. She shouted that she locked ______

in the room and not get out. By this time a second ______

fire engine arrived and the firemen held a blanket ______

for her to jump into. The chief shouted that she to jump. ______

You could see that was terrified but suddenly she ______

made the decision and with great scream, she jumped. ______

She landed safely. Afterwards she said that it had the ______

most frightening experience of life. ______