Science (English Medium) इयत्ता १२ - CBSE Important Questions for Physics

Consider a plane wave front incident on a thin convex lens. Draw a proper diagram to show how the incident wave front traverses through the lens and after refraction focusses on the focal point of the lens, giving the shape of the emergent wave front.

Find the intensity at a point on a screen in Young's double slit experiment where the interfering waves have a path difference of (i) λ/6, and (ii) λ/2. 

(i) State the essential conditions for diffraction of light.
(ii) Explain diffraction of light due to a narrow single slit and the formation of pattern of fringes on the screen.
(iii) Find the relation for width of central maximum in terms of wavelength 'λ', width of slit 'a', and separation between slit and screen 'D'.
(iv) If the width of the slit is made double the original width, how does it affect the size and intensity of the central band?

How does the refractive index of a transparent medium depend on the wavelength of incident light used ?

Why cannot two independent monochromatic sources produce sustained interference pattern?
Deduce, with the help of Young's arrangement to produce interference pattern, an expression for the fringe width.

A parallel beam of light of wavelength 500 nm falls on a narrow slit and the resulting diffraction pattern is observed on a screen 1 m away. It is observed that the first minimum is a distance of 2.5 mm away from the centre. Find the width of the slit.

Write two characteristics features distinguish the diffractions pattern from the interference fringes obtained in Young’s double slit experiment.

A parallel beam of light of 450 nm falls on a narrow slit and the resulting diffraction pattern is observed on a screen 1.5 m away. It is observed that the first minimum is at a distance of 3 mm from the centre of the screen. Calculate the width of the slit.

In Young’s double slit experiment to produce interference pattern, obtain the conditions for constructive and destructive interference. Hence deduce the expression for the fringe width.

How does the fringe width get affected, if the entire experimental apparatus of Young is immersed in water?

State Huygens’s principle. Show, with the help of a suitable diagram, how this principle is used to obtain the diffraction pattern by a single slit.

Draw a plot of intensity distribution and explain clearly why the secondary maxima becomes weaker with increasing order (n) of the secondary maxima.

In a single slit diffraction experiment, when tiny circular obstacle is placed in path of light from a distance source, a bright spot is seen at the centre of the shadow of the obstacle. Explain why?

Derive the relation a sin θ = λ  for the first minimum of the diffraction pattern produced due to a single slit of width ‘a’ using light of wavelength λ.

Using the monochromatic light of same wavelength in the experimental set-up of the diffraction pattern  as well as in the interference pattern where the slit separation is 1 mm, 10 interference fringes are found  to be within the central maximum of the diffraction pattern. Determine the width of the single slit, if the  screen is kept at the same distance from the slit in the two cases.

Define the term wavefront. Using Huygen’s wave theory, verify the law of reflection. 

Answer the following question.
Define the term wavefront. Using Huygen's wave theory, verify the law of reflection.

Derive the relation a sin θ = λ for the first minimum of the diffraction pattern produced due to a single slit of width 'a' using light of wavelength λ.

Define a wavefront. Using 'Huygens' principle, draw the shape of a refracted wavefront, when a plane wave is incident on a convex lens.

In Young's double-slit experiment, the two slits are separated by a distance of 1.5 mm, and the screen is placed 1 m away from the plane of the slits. A beam of light consisting of two wavelengths of 650 nm and 520 nm is used to obtain interference fringes.
Find the distance of the third bright fringe for λ = 520 nm on the screen from the central maximum.

"If the slits in Young's double slit experiment are identical, then intensity at any point on the screen may vary between zero and four times to the intensity due to single slit".

Justify the above statement through a relevant mathematical expression.