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Physics 55/4/2 2025-2026 Science (English Medium) Class 12 Question Paper Solution

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Physics [55/4/2]
Marks: 70 CBSE
Science (English Medium)

Academic Year: 2025-2026
Date & Time: 20th February 2026, 10:30 am
Duration: 3h
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General Instructions:

Read the following instructions very carefully and strictly follow them:

  1. This question paper contains 33 questions. All questions are compulsory.
  2. This question paper is divided into five sections - Sections A, B, C, D and E.
  3. In Section A: Questions no. 1 to 16 are Multiple Choice type questions. Each question carries 1 mark.
  4. In Section B: Questions no. 17 to 21 are Very Short Answer type questions. Each question carries 2 marks.
  5. In Section C: Questions no. 22 to 28 are Short Answer type questions. Each question carries 3 marks.
  6. In Section D: Questions no. 29 and 30 are case study-based questions. Each question carries 4 marks.
  7. In Section E: Question numbers 31 to 33 are Long Answer type questions. Each question carries 5 marks.
  8. There is no overall choice given in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions in all the Sections except Section A.
  9. Kindly note that there is a separate question paper for Visually Impaired candidates.
  10. Use of calculator is not allowed.
    You may use the following values of physical constants wherever necessary:
    c = 3 × 108 m/s
    h = 6.63 × 10−34 Js
    e = 1.6 × 10−19 C
    μ0 = 4π × 10−7 T m A−1
    ε0 = 8.854 × 10−12 C2 N−1 m−2
    `1/(4 pi epsilon_0)` = 9 × 109 N m2 C−2
    Mass of electron (me) = 9.1 × 10−31 kg.
    Mass of neutron = 1.675 × 10−27 kg.
    Mass of proton = 1.673 × 10−27 kg.
    Avogadro’s number = 6.023 × 1023 per gram mole
    Boltzmann’s constant = 1.38 × 10−23 JK−1

[1]1.

A wire is gradually stretched to make it 100% longer. Its resistance will increase by ______.

100%

200%

300%

400%

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2.

A closely wound long solenoid of self-inductance L is cut into two identical solenoids. The value of self-inductance of each small solenoid will be ______.

`L/2`

2L

3L

4L

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]3.

Which of the following characteristics of electrons determines the current in the conductor?

Drift velocity only.

Thermal velocity only.

Both drift velocity and thermal velocity.

Neither drift nor thermal velocity.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]5.

Paschen series in spectrum of hydrogen atom lies in ______.

infrared region

ultraviolet region

visible region

partly in ultraviolet region and partly in visible region.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]6.

The kinetic energy of a charged particle is increased to four times of its initial value. The de Broglie wavelength associated with the particle will ______.

increase by 100% of its initial value.

increase by 50% of its initial value.

decrease by 25% of its initial value.

decrease by 50% of its initial value.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]7.

In a reversed-biased p-n junction diode, the applied voltage mostly drops across ______.

p-region only

n-region only

depletion region

the diode

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
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[1]8.

A coil having 100 closely wound turns and area of cross-section 300 mm2 carries a current of 5 mA. The magnitude of the magnetic moment associated with the coil is ______.

6 × 10−4 Am2

3 × 10−5 Am2

1.5 × 10−4 Am2

5 × 10−5 Am2

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]9.

An ac voltage is given as v = 14 sin(314 t) V. The average and the effective value of the voltage (in V) over a cycle are respectively ______.

14 and 7

10 and 14

0 and 10

10 and 0

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]10.

The ratio of amplitude of electric field to the amplitude of the magnetic field associated with an electromagnetic wave propagating in glass (n = 1.5) is ______.

3 × 108 ms−1

2 × 108 ms−1

3.3 × 10−9 ms−1

5 × 10−9 ms−1

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]11.

Radiation of wavelength 331 nm irradiates the following metals:

Metal Work Function (eV)
Na 1.92
K 2.15
Ca 3.20
Mo 4.17

Which of the following statements is correct?

Only Na and K show photoelectric emission.

Only Mo will not show photoelectric emission.

All of the given metals show photoelectric emission.

None of them show photoelectric emission.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]12.

In an experiment on photoelectric emission, the intensity of incident radiation is halved keeping its frequency constant. As a result ______.

cut-off potential will increase.

maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons will remain the same.

photocurrent will increase.

cut-off potential will decrease.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
Questions number 13 to 16 are Assertion (A) and Reason (R) type questions. Two statements are given - one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the codes (A), (B), (C), and (D) as given below.
[1]13.

Assertion (A): The conductivity of an n-type semiconductor is higher than that of a p-type semiconductor at a given temperature.

Reason (R): The electrons being in the conduction band in n-type semiconductor are more mobile than the holes in the valence band in p-type semiconductor.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
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[1]14.

Assertion (A): The work done, in taking a unit charge around a closed loop of an electric circuit involving cells and resistors in the loop, is zero.

Reason (R): The potential at a point depends on the location of the point in the loop. After completing one round, the charge comes back to the point of start.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]15.

Assertion (A): When a ferromagnetic substance is heated to high temperature it becomes paramagnetic in nature.

Reason (R): The disappearance of magnetisation of a ferromagnet is abrupt and not gradual.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]16.

Assertion (A): When a convex lens made of glass is immersed in water, its converging power increases.

Reason (R): The focal length of a lens depends only on the radii of curvature of its two faces.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
Section B
[1]17. (a) (i)

State Huygen’s principle.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [10] Wave Optics
[1]17. (a) (ii)

How did Huygens justify the absence of the backwave on a spherical wavefront?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
OR
[2]17. (b)

In a single-slit diffraction experiment, light of wavelength λ illuminates the slit of width ‘a’. The diffraction pattern is observed on a screen kept at a distance D from the slits.

  1. Depict variation of intensity in the fringe pattern with the angular position of the fringes.
  2. How is the linear width of central maximum affected when separation between the slit and the screen is decreased?
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]18.

The hole concentration in an intrinsic semiconductor is 5 × 108 m−3. When it is doped with certain impurity, the electron concentration becomes 4 × 1012 m−3. Find the new value of the hole concentration. Also, identify the type of new semiconductor formed after doping.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]19.

A concave mirror of radius of curvature 16 cm produces two-times enlarged real image of an object kept in front of it. Find the position of the object.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:

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