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Write the isomers of the compound having the formula C4H9Br. - Chemistry

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प्रश्न

Write the isomers of the compound having the formula C4H9Br.

रासायनिक समीकरणे/रचना
एका वाक्यात उत्तर
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उत्तर

C4H9Br is a saturated compound because its parent hydrocarbon is C4H10. Its isomers are as follows –

(i) \[\ce{\underset{1-Bromobutane}{CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - Br}}\]

(ii) \[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{.......}\ce{Br}\\
\phantom{.....}|\\
\ce{\underset{2-Bromobutane}{CH3-CH2-CH-CH3}}
\end{array}\]

(iii) \[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{....}\\
|\phantom{.......}\\
\ce{\underset{1-Bromo-2-Methylpropane}{CH3-CH-CH2Br}}
\end{array}\]

(iv) \[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\\
|\phantom{...}\\
\ce{CH3 - C - Br}\phantom{.....}\\
|\phantom{...}\\
\phantom{.}\ce{\underset{2-Bromo-2-Methylpropane}{CH3}}
\end{array}\]

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पाठ 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes - Exercises [पृष्ठ १८९]

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एनसीईआरटी Chemistry Part 1 and 2 [English] Class 12
पाठ 6 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
Exercises | Q 6.6 | पृष्ठ १८९

संबंधित प्रश्‍न

 Give reasons for the following:

(CH3)3C–O–CH3 on reaction with HI gives (CH3)3C–I and CH3–OH as the main products and not (CH3)3C–OH and CH3–I.


Which would undergo SN2 reaction faster in the following pair and why ?


Which would undergo SN2 reaction faster in the following pair and why ?

CH3 – CH2 ​– Br and CH3 ​– CH2 ​– I


Answer the following question.
Write one stereochemical difference between SN1 and SN2 reactions.


Which of the following is a primary halide?


The order of reactivity of the given haloalkanes towards nucleophile is:


SN2 mechanism proceeds through intervention of ____________.


Which of the following is an optically active compound?


The process of separation of a racemic modification into d and l-enantiomers is called ____________.


Racemic compound has ____________.


Identify the end product (C) in the following sequence:

\[\ce{C2H5OH ->[SOCl2][Pyridine] A ->[KCN {(alc.)}] B ->[2H2O/H^+] C}\]


Elimination reactions (especially β-elimination) are as common as the nucleophilic substitution reaction in case of alkyl halides. Specify the reagents used in both cases.


Which one is the correct order of nucleophilic strength (pKa) of following nucleophiles?


Which one of the following compounds is more reactive towards SN1 reaction?


The decreasing order of reactivity of the following compounds towards nucleophilic substitution (SN2) is ______.






Retention of configuration is observed in ______.


The following questions are case-based questions. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Nucleophilic Substitution:
Nucleophilic substitution reaction of haloalkane can be conducted according to both SN1 and SN2 mechanisms. SN1 is a two-step reaction, while SN2 is a single-step reaction. For any haloalkane, which mechanism is followed depends on factors such as the structure of haloalkane, properties of leaving group, nucleophilic reagent and solvent.

Influences of solvent polarity:
In SN1 reaction, the polarity of the system increases from the reactant to the transition state, because a polar solvent has a greater effect on the transition state than the reactant, thereby reducing activation energy and accelerating the reaction. In SN2 reaction, the polarity of the system generally does not change from the reactant to the transition state, and only charge dispersion occurs. At this time, the polar solvent has a great stabilizing effect on Nu than the transition state, thereby increasing activation energy and slow down the reaction rate. For example, the decomposition rate (SN1) of tertiary chlorobutane at 25°C in water (dielectric constant 79) is 300000 times faster than in ethanol (dielectric constant 24).

The reaction rate (SN2) of 2-bromopropane and NaOH in ethanol containing 40% water is twice slower than in absolute ethanol. Hence the level of solvent polarity has an influence on both SN1 and SN2 reactions but with different results. Generally speaking, a weak polar solvent is favourable for SN2 reaction, while a strong polar solvent is favourable for SN1. Generally speaking, the substitution reaction of tertiary haloalkane is based on SN1 mechanism in solvents with a strong polarity (for example ethanol containing water).

Answer the following questions:

(a) Why racemisation occurs in SN1? (1)

(b) Why is ethanol less polar than water? (1)

(c) Which one of, the following in each pair is more reactive towards SN2 reaction? (2)

(i) CH3 – CH2 – I or CH3CH2 – Cl

(ii)

OR

(c) Arrange the following in the increasing order of their reactivity towards SN1 reactions: (2)

(i) 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 1-Bromo-pentane, 2-Bromo-pentane

(ii) 1-Bromo-3-methylbutane, 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 2-Bromo-3- methylbutane


Discuss the mechanism of alkaline hydrolysis of methyl bromide.


Which one of the following chlorohydrocarbons readily undergoes solvolysis?


Which of the following reactions is an example of nucleophilic substitution reaction?


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