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प्रश्न
Wilfred Owen paints a horrific picture of a nightmarish memory on the battlefield. How does Duke et Decorum Est become Owen's condemnation and bitter response to war?
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उत्तर
Dulce et Decorum Est is a poem Wilfred Owen wrote following his own experiences fighting in the trenches in northern France in World War One. Dulce et Decorum Est Pro Patria Mori, which is a line taken from the Latin Odes of the Roman poet Horace, means It is sweet and proper to die for one's country. In his poem, Wilfred Owen takes the opposite stance. He is in effect saying - It is anything but sweet and proper to die for one's country - in a hideous war that took the lives of over 17 million people. A poem that still resonates today, with brutal language and imagery, written by a young soldier recovering from his wounds, brave enough to return to the battlefield. The poet explains that It's just another day on the battlefields of World War I. As our speaker lets us know right away, however, "normal" isn't a word that has any meaning for the soldiers anymore. They're all mentally and physically ravaged by the exertions of battle.
And then it gets worse. Just as the men are heading home for the night, gas shells drop beside them. The soldiers scramble for their gas masks in a frantic attempt to save their own lives. Unfortunately, they don't all get to their masks in time. Our speaker watches as a member of his crew chokes and staggers in the toxic fumes, unable to save him from an excruciating certain death. Now fast-forward. It's some time after the battle, but our speaker just can't get the sight of his dying comrade out of his head. The soldier's image is everywhere: in the speaker's thoughts, in his dreams, in his poetry. Worst of all, our speaker can't do anything to help the dying soldier.
Bitterly, the speaker finally addresses the people at home who rally around the youth of England and urge them to fight for personal glory and national honor. He wonders how they can continue to call for war. If they could only witness the physical agony war creates – or even experience the emotional trauma that the speaker's going through now – the speaker thinks they might change their views. In the speaker's mind, there's nothing glorious or honorable about death. Or, for that matter, the war itself.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Transform the following sentence as per the given instruction.
The old woman said to Arun, “Can you help me to cross the street?”
(Begin: The old woman asked Arun……………….)
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Sergius:
Louka! (she stops and looks defiantly at him) A gentleman has no right to hurt a woman under any ` circumstances. [with profound humility, uncovering his head] beg your pardon.
Louka:
That sort of apology may satisfy a lady. Of what use is it to a servant?
Sergius :
[rudely crossed in his chivalry, throws it off with a bitter laugh, and says slightingly) Oh! Do you wish to be paid for the hurt? [He puts on his shako, and takes some money from his pocket].
Louka :
[her eyes filling with tears in spite of herself] No: I want my hurt made well.
Sergius : [sobered by her tone] I low?
(i) Why does Sergius ask Louka's pardon?
(ii) Why had he hurt her?
(iii) Why does Louka remind Sergius that she is a servant?
(iv) Why do Louka's eyes fill with tears?
(v) How does Louka want her hurt made well?
(vi) How does Sergius react to the suggestion
This is the funniest movie I have ever seen.
(Begin : Never ………….)
Distinguish between the following pairs of sentences.
You will find the historian and the scientist in the archaeology and natural science sections of the museum respectively.
Find out different career opportunities in the field of social work.
We add ‘un-’ to make opposites. For example, true — untrue. Add ‘un’– to the word below to make its opposite. Then look up the meaning of the word you have formed in the dictionary.
identified ______
Look at these sentences.
- The tree was older than Grandfather.
- Grandfather was sixty-five years old. How old was the tree? Can you guess?
How old was the tree? Can you guess?
- The tree was as old as Dehra Dun itself.
Suppose Dehra Dun is 300 years old. How old is the tree?
When two things are the same in some way, we use as … as. Here is another set of examples.
- Mr Sinha is 160 centimetres tall.
- Mr Gupta is 180 centimetres tall.
- Mrs Gupta is 160 centimetres tall.
Mrs Gupta is as tall as Mr Sinha.
Use the words in the box to speak about the people and the things below, using as … as or er than
| tall – taller | cold – colder | hot – hotter |
| strong – stronger | short – shorter |
(Notice that in the word ‘hot’, the letter ‘t’ is doubled when -er is added.)
1. Heights
_______________________________
2. Weight Lifters
_________________________________
3. City Temperatures
______________________________
4. Lengths
_______________________________
5. City Temperatures
_______________________________
State whether the following statement is true or false. Correct the false statement.
There is nothing wrong with being grateful to great men.
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar has cited the quotes by John Stuart Mill and Daniel O’Connel. Go through the lesson and write down 4 to 5 lines for each of them.
The person who makes mistake or commits crime should be punished because _________________.
- _______________________________
- _______________________________
- _______________________________
- _______________________________
You might have read war stories or watched war movies. Make a list of the factors which make them interesting.
Complete the remaining blocks determining the types of news.
Read the extract beginning from -
“Her name was Sulekha..... find bridegrooms for them.” Narrate this extract in short, making Sulekha (Bholi) the narrator. Write it in your notebook. Begin with “I was named Sulekha __________________ ”
Use the option to fill in the blank.
The market ______ closed.
Give another word for the ones given below with similar meanings and make sentences. Now write the opposites of these describing words and make sentences with them –
| Opposite | Sentence | |
| lovely | ||
| talking | ||
| listening | ||
| see | ||
| centre |
Now complete the following sentence, choosing the right word.
Ramu’s ______ loved to play in the ______. (sun, son)
Some words have similar sound, but different meaning. Choose the correct word from the option and fill in the blank.
The squirrel has a long ______.
What did he keep doing while on his rounds?
He left the studio saying ______.
What kind of relationship existed between Miss Meadows and the Science Mistress?
Develop the following hints into a paragraph.
Two kings - ruled neighboring kingdoms. King Arya - great warrior - looked after - subjects - very well - People loved him - looking - their safety and welfare - all his subjects - very happy - healthy life - King Vaishali on the other hand - very lazy man - spent his time - entertaining - dancing – ignoring - needs or developmental - people - His people - angry - never met them - never listened to their woes.
Powerful Sultan attacked - with his strong army - King Arya’s army - alert - ready - preparedness - enemy - more powerful - love for King even women and children - came to the war-front - fought - protected their King -a different story - King Vaishal - impending war - people started fleeing - King all by himself - not interested to protect - King - did nothing for their welfare.
King Vaishal - realized his foolishness - too late - defeated in the war and fled for his life - King Arya - defeated the Sultan - people to live in peace - King Arya - welfare of his people at heart at all times - subjects - returned his love - loyal and supportive - during testing times.
Read the following passage and write a summary of it. Suggest a suitable title to the summary.
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According to some experts, a staggering 93 percent of our daily communication is non-verbal. Facial expressions are easy to decipher. One can readily detect happiness, sadness, anger. Physicians can tell a patient is doing well (or not) by looking at his/her face. Eye contact is another type of non-verbal communication, which can tell a lot about the other person. The eyes convey a range of emotions-happiness, sadness, boredom, surprise, confidence ..... even emotional interest. Staring at someone's forehead may intimidate the recipient, staring at the mouth is sometimes interpretated as a sign of emotional interest. In fact staring into someone's eyes is a sign of lying, and so is looking away. In certain cultures, lack of eye contact is taken as a sign of respect. If body language is to be defined, it is a combination of facial expression, gestures, eye contact, body movements and posture and voice. Frequent blinking is a sign of the person feeling distressed or uncomfortable. If the pupils are dilated, it often indicates interest, even emotional interest. The lips also reflect our body language, and lip biting indicates worry and/or anxiety; tightening of the lips may be an indication of disapproval. Slightly turned-up lips indicate happiness and slightly turned-down lips indicate sadness. |
Prepare a dialogue from the jumbled sentences:
- It will reach Nagpur at 7: 15 a.m.
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- When will it reach Nagpur?
- The departure time is 8:30 p.m.
Using the given informal letter as a model, write a letter about the topic given below.
Write a letter to your father asking permission to go on an educational tour.
