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प्रश्न
Who was the first patient who was given gene therapy? Why was the given treatment recurrent in nature?
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उत्तर
The first clinical gene therapy was given in 1990 to a 4-year-old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency. This enzyme is crucial for the immune system to function. The disorder is caused due to the deletion of the gene for adenosine deaminase. In some children ADA deficiency can be cured by bone marrow transplantation; in others it can be treated by – enzyme replacement therapy, in which functional ADA is given to the patient by injection. But the problem- with both of these approaches that they are not completely curative. As a first step towards gene therapy, lymphocytes from the blood of the patient are grown in a culture outside the body. A functional ADA cDNA (using a retroviral vector) is then introduced into these lymphocytes, which are subsequently returned to the patient. However, as these cells are not immortal, the patient requires “periodic infusion of such genetically engineered lymphocytes. However, if the gene isolate from marrow cells producing ADA is introduced into cells at early embryonic stages, it could be a permanent cure.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
How did an American Company, Eli Lilly use the knowledge of r-DNA technology to produce human insulin?
Write the function of adenosine deaminase enzyme.
What is gene therapy? Illustrate using the example of adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency.
What is gene therapy? Name the first clinical case in which it was used.
How many amino acids are arranged in the two chains of Insulin?
Which one of the following statements is true regarding DNA polymerase used in PCR?
How was Insulin obtained before the advent of rDNA technology? What were the problems encountered?
Explain how ADA deficiency can be corrected?
Explain how recombinant Insulin can be produced.
Human insulin is being commercially produced forma transgenic species of ______.
C-peptide of human insulin is ______.
When gene targetting involving gene amplification is attempted in an individual’s tissue to treat disease, it is known as ______
With regard to insulin choose the correct options.
- C-peptide is not present in mature insulin.
- The insulin produced by rDNA technology has C-peptide.
- The pro-insulin has C-peptide.
- A-peptide and B-peptide of insulin are interconnected by disulphide bridges.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Give the full form of ELISA. Which disease can be detected using it? Discuss the principle underlying the test.
Taking examples under each category, discuss upstream and downstream processing.
Define Antigen and Antibody. Name any two diagnostic kits based upon them.
A patient is suffering from ADA deficiency. Can he be cured? How?
List the advantages of recombinant insulin.
A host cell must be made competent, before it is able to receive an rDNA. Justify.
