Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
State Henry’s law.
State Henry’s law and express it in a mathematical form.
State Henry’s law about the solubility of a gas in a liquid.
Advertisements
उत्तर १
Henry’s Law states that at a constant temperature, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas above the liquid.
उत्तर २
- Henry was the first to give a quantitative relationship between the pressure and solubility of a gas in a solvent, which is known as Henry’s law. The law states that at a constant temperature, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas present above the surface of the liquid or solution.
- Dalton, a contemporary of Henry, also concluded independently that the solubility of a gas in a liquid solution is a function of the partial pressure of the gas. If we use the mole fraction of a gas in the solution as a measure of its solubility, then it can be said that the mole fraction of gas in the solution is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas over the solution.
- The most commonly used form of Henry’s law states that “the partial pressure of the gas in the vapour phase (p) is proportional to the mole fraction of the gas (x) in the solution” and is expressed as:
p ∝ x
p = KH . x - Here, KH is Henry’s law constant. When a mixture of more than one gas is brought into contact with a solvent, each gaseous component dissolves in proportion to its partial pressure. That is why Henry’s law is applied to every gas, independent of the presence of other gases.
Notes
Students can refer to the provided solutions based on their preferred questions and marks.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
What is the effect of temperature on solubility of a gas in a liquid?
H2S, a toxic gas with rotten egg like smell, is used for the qualitative analysis. If the solubility of H2S in water at STP is 0.195 m, calculate Henry’s law constant.
Henry’s law constant for CO2 in water is 1.67 × 108 Pa at 298 K. Calculate the quantity of CO2 in 500 mL of soda water when packed under 2.5 atm CO2 pressure at 298 K.
The partial pressure of ethane over a solution containing 6.56 × 10−3 g of ethane is 1 bar. If the solution contains 5.00 × 10−2 g of ethane, then what shall be the partial pressure of the gas?
Based on solute-solvent interactions, arrange the following in order of increasing solubility in n-octane and explain.
Cyclohexane, KCl, CH3OH, CH3CN
The air is a mixture of a number of gases. The major components are oxygen and nitrogen with approximate proportion of 20% is to 79% by volume at 298 K. The water is in equilibrium with air at a pressure of 10 atm. At 298 K if the Henry’s law constants for oxygen and nitrogen are 3.30 × 107 mm and 6.51 × 107 mm respectively, calculate the composition of these gases in water.
Which mixture is used for respiration by deep sea divers?
(A) He + O2
(B) Ne + O2
(C) Ar + O2
(D) Kr + O2
How does solubility of a gas in water varies with the temperature?
Give reasons for the following :
Aquatic animals are more comfortable in the cold water than in warm water.
The solubility product (Ksp) of BaSO4 is 1.5 X 10-9.Calculate the solubility of barium sulphate in pure water and in 0.1 M BaCl2.
State Henry's Law. What is the effect of temperature on the solubility of a gas in a liquid?
The solubility product of PbCl2 at 298K is 1.7 × 10-5. Calculate the solubility of PbCl2 in g/lit. at 298K.
Atomic Weights: [Pb = 207 and Cl = 35.5]
A solution is prepared by dissolving 9.25 g of non-volatile solute in 450 mL of water. It has an osmotic pressure of 350 mm of Hg at 27°C. Assuming the solute is non-electrolyte, determine its molecular mass. (R = 0.0821 Lit-atm K−1 mol−1)
Write the name of gas released when Cu is added to dilute HNO3
Write the name of gas released when Cu is added to the conc. HNO3
Which law shows relation between pressure and solubility of a gas in solvent?
Henry’s law constant of oxygen is 1.4 × 10–3 mol lit–1 atm–1 at 298 K. How much of oxygen is dissolved in 100 ml at 298 K when the partial pressure of oxygen is 0.5 atm?
Low concentration of oxygen in the blood and tissues of people living at high altitude is due to ______.
Which of the following factor(s) affect the solubility of a gaseous solute in the fixed volume of liquid solvent?
(a) nature of solute
(b) temperature
(c) pressure
(i) (a) and (c) at constant T
(ii) (a) and (b) at constant P
(iii) (b) and (c) only
(iv) (c) only
Solubility of gases in liquids decreases with rise in temperature because dissolution is an ______.
KH value for \[\ce{Ar(g)}\], \[\ce{CO2(g)}\], \[\ce{HCHO (g)}\] and \[\ce{CH4(g)}\] are 40.39, 1.67, 1.83 × 10–5 and 0.413 respectively. Arrange these gases in the order of their increasing solubility.
Explain the solubility rule “like dissolves like” in terms of intermolecular forces that exist in solutions.
What is the significance of Henry’s Law constant KH?
Match the items given in Column I with the type of solutions given in Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Soda water | (a) A solution of gas in solid |
| (ii) Sugar solution | (b) A solution of gas in gas |
| (iii) German silver | (c) A solution of solid in liquid |
| (iv) Air | (d) A solution of solid in solid |
| (v) Hydrogen gas in palladium | (e) A solution of gas in liquid |
| (f) A solution of liquid in solid |
Explain the following phenomena with the help of Henry’s law.
Feeling of weakness and discomfort in breathing at high altitude.
State Henry’s law and explain why are the tanks used by scuba divers filled with air diluted with helium (11.7% helium, 56.2% nitrogen and 32.1% oxygen)?
Assume that argon exerts a partial pressure of 6 bar. Calculate the solubility of argon gas in water. (Given Henry’s law constant for argon dissolved in water, KH = 40 k bar)
If O2 gas is bubbled through water at 303 K, the number of millimoles of O2 gas that dissolve in 1 litre of water is ______. (Nearest integer)
(Given: Henry's Law constant for O2 at 303 K is 46.82 k bar and partial pressure of O2 = 0.920 bar)
(Assume solubility of O2 in water is too small, nearly negligible)
Henry's constant (in k bar) for four gases α, β, γ and δ in water at 298 K is given below:
| α | β | γ | δ | |
| KH | 50 | 2 | 2 × 10-5 | 0.5 |
(density of water = 103 kg m-3 at 298 K)
This table implies that:
Solubility of gas in liquid decreases with increase in ______.
In which of the following solvents, the \[\ce{C4H8NH3+X–}\] is soluble?
Write the two applications of Henry’s law.
Amongst the following compounds, identify which are insoluble, partially soluble and highly soluble in water?
- phenol
- toluene
- formic acid
- ethylene glycol
- chloroform
- pentanol
Assertion (A): Helium is used to dilute oxygen in diving apparatus.
Reason (R): Helium has high solubility in O.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
