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प्रश्न
Why do gases always tend to be less soluble in liquids as the temperature is raised?
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उत्तर
The solubility of a gas in a liquid at a particular temperature is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas in equilibrium with the liquid at that temperature. The dissolution of a gas in a liquid is an exothermic process, that is, it is accompanied by the evolution of heat. Thus,
\[\ce{Gas + Solvent <=> Solution + Heat}\]
Applying Le Chatelier’s principle, the increase of temperature would shift the equilibrium in the backward direction; that is, solubility would decrease. Therefore, gases always tend to be less soluble in liquids as the temperature is raised.
संबंधित प्रश्न
What is the effect of temperature on solubility of a gas in a liquid?
Gas (A) is more soluble in water than Gas (B) at the same temperature. Which one of the two gases will have the higher value of KH (Henry’s constant) and why
Which mixture is used for respiration by deep sea divers?
(A) He + O2
(B) Ne + O2
(C) Ar + O2
(D) Kr + O2
How does solubility of a gas in water varies with the temperature?
Give reasons for the following :
Aquatic animals are more comfortable in the cold water than in warm water.
A solution is prepared by dissolving 9.25 g of non-volatile solute in 450 mL of water. It has an osmotic pressure of 350 mm of Hg at 27°C. Assuming the solute is non-electrolyte, determine its molecular mass. (R = 0.0821 Lit-atm K−1 mol−1)
Write the name of gas released when Cu is added to dilute HNO3
Which law shows relation between pressure and solubility of a gas in solvent?
The statement “If 0.003 moles of a gas are dissolved in 900 g of water under a pressure of 1 atmosphere, 0.006 moles will be dissolved under a pressure of 2 atmospheres”, illustrates.
Henry’s law constant of oxygen is 1.4 × 10–3 mol lit–1 atm–1 at 298 K. How much of oxygen is dissolved in 100 ml at 298 K when the partial pressure of oxygen is 0.5 atm?
Low concentration of oxygen in the blood and tissues of people living at high altitude is due to ______.
KH value for \[\ce{Ar(g)}\], \[\ce{CO2(g)}\], \[\ce{HCHO (g)}\] and \[\ce{CH4(g)}\] are 40.39, 1.67, 1.83 × 10–5 and 0.413 respectively. Arrange these gases in the order of their increasing solubility.
Match the items given in Column I with the type of solutions given in Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Soda water | (a) A solution of gas in solid |
| (ii) Sugar solution | (b) A solution of gas in gas |
| (iii) German silver | (c) A solution of solid in liquid |
| (iv) Air | (d) A solution of solid in solid |
| (v) Hydrogen gas in palladium | (e) A solution of gas in liquid |
| (f) A solution of liquid in solid |
Explain the following phenomena with the help of Henry’s law.
Feeling of weakness and discomfort in breathing at high altitude.
State Henry’s law and explain why are the tanks used by scuba divers filled with air diluted with helium (11.7% helium, 56.2% nitrogen and 32.1% oxygen)?
Henry's constant (in k bar) for four gases α, β, γ and δ in water at 298 K is given below:
| α | β | γ | δ | |
| KH | 50 | 2 | 2 × 10-5 | 0.5 |
(density of water = 103 kg m-3 at 298 K)
This table implies that:
Solubility of gas in liquid decreases with increase in ______.
Write the two applications of Henry’s law.
Amongst the following compounds, identify which are insoluble, partially soluble and highly soluble in water?
- phenol
- toluene
- formic acid
- ethylene glycol
- chloroform
- pentanol
Assertion (A): Helium is used to dilute oxygen in diving apparatus.
Reason (R): Helium has high solubility in O.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
