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प्रश्न
In some of the reactions thallium resembles aluminium, whereas in others it resembles with group I metals. Support this statement by giving some evidences.
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उत्तर
Thallium belongs to group 13 of the periodic table. The most common oxidation state for this group is +3. However, heavier members of this group also display the +1 oxidation state. This happens because of the inert pair effect. Aluminium displays the +3 oxidation state and alkali metals display the +1 oxidation state. Thallium displays both the oxidation states. Therefore, it resembles both aluminium and alkali metals.
Thallium, like aluminium, forms compounds such as TlCl3 and Tl2O3. It resembles alkali metals in compounds Tl2O and TlCl.
संबंधित प्रश्न
How can you explain higher stability of BCl3 as compared to TlCl3?
If B–Cl bond has a dipole moment, explain why BCl3 molecule has zero dipole moment.
Suggest reasons why the B–F bond lengths in BF3 (130 pm) and `"BF"_4^(-)` (143 pm) differ.
Write a balanced equation for B2H6 + NH3 → ?
Which of the following oxides is acidic in nature?
The exhibition of highest co-ordination number depends on the availability of vacant orbitals in the central atom. Which of the following elements is not likely to act as central atom in \[\ce{MF^{3-}6}\]?
Which of the following statements are correct. Answer on the basis of Figure.
(i) The two birdged hydrogen atoms and the two boron atoms lie in one plane;
(ii) Out of six B – H bonds two bonds can be described in terms of 3 centre 2-electron bonds.
(iii) Out of six B – H bonds four B – H bonds can be described in terms of 3 centre 2 electron bonds;
(iv) The four-terminal B – H bonds are two centre-two electron regular bonds.
Explain why the following compounds behave as Lewis acids?
AlCl3
When BCl3 is treated with water, it hydrolyses and forms [B[OH]4]– only whereas AlCl3 in acidified aqueous solution forms [Al(H2O)6]3+ ion. Explain what is the hybridisation of boron and aluminium in these species?
Explain the following:
Boron does not exist as B3+ ion.
Explain the following:
Tl (NO3)3 acts as an oxidising agent.
Identify the compounds A, X and Z in the following reactions:
\[\ce{A + 2HCl + 5H2O -> 2NaCl + X}\]
Complete the following chemical equations:
\[\ce{Z + 3 LiAlH4 -> X + 3LiF + 3AlF_3}\]
\[\ce{X + 6H2 -> Y + 6H2}\]
\[\ce{3X + 3O2 ->[Δ] B2O3 + 3H2O}\]
Match the species given in Column I with the hybridisation given in Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Boron in [B(OH)4]– | (a) sp2 |
| (ii) Aluminium in [Al(H2O)6]3+ | (b) sp3 |
| (iii) Boron in B2H6 | (c) sp3d2 |
| (iv) Carbon in Buckminsterfullerene | |
| (v) Silicon in \[\ce{SiO^{4-}4}\] | |
| (vi) Germanium in [GeCl6]2– |
Describe the general trends in the following properties of the elements in Groups 13 and 14.
Metallic character
Account for the following observations:
The +1 oxidation state of thallium is more stable than its +3 state.
Three pairs of compounds are given below. Identify that compound in each of the pairs which has group 13 element in more stable oxidation state. Give reason for your choice. State the nature of bonding also.
TlCl3, TlCl
Three pairs of compounds are given below. Identify that compound in each of the pairs which has group 13 element in more stable oxidation state. Give reason for your choice. State the nature of bonding also.
InCl3, InCl
