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प्रश्न
A human female experiences two major changes, menarche and menopause during her life. Mention the significance of both the events.
Women experiences two major events in their life time one at menarche and the second at menopause. Mention the characteristics of both the events.
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उत्तर
Menarche:
- It is the first menstrual flow in a girl’s life.
- Occurs between age 11 to 13 years.
- Marks the beginning of reproductive phase.
- Indicates onset of puberty and ovulation begins.
Menopause:
- It is the permanent cessation of menstrual cycles.
- Occurs between age 45 to 50 years.
- Ovarian follicles stop responding to pituitary hormones.
- Ovulation and menstruation cease; fertility ends.
- Estrogen levels fall, causing physical and psychological changes.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Describe the roles of pituitary and ovarian hormones during the menstrual cycle in a human female.
Differentiate between the following pair:
Menarche and menopause
Give appropriate terms for each of the following process:
Fixing of developing zygote (blastocyst) on the uterine wall.
Explain the ovarian and uterine events that occur during a menstrual cycle in a human female under the influence of pituitary and ovarian hormones respectively.
Explain the changes that occur in the ovary and uterus during menstrual cycle in human females. Mention the influence of pituitary and ovarian hormones in bringing these changes.
‘A proper understanding of the menstrual cycle can help immensely in family planning.’ Do you agree with the statement? Provide reasons for your answer.
Give Reasons
Missing of menses is the first indication of pregnancy.
Name the Following
Sloughing of the uterine wall during menstrual flow.
Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:
Menarche is the stoppage of menstruation.
Multiple choice question.
Rupturing of follicles and discharge of ova is known as _______.
Describe the phases of the menstrual cycle and their hormonal control.
Which one of the following menstrual irregularities is correctly matched?
If the corpus luteum is present in the ovary even after 72 hours after ovulationit indicates that ______.
How long does the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle last?
The mammalian corpus luteum produces ______.
Secretion of progesterone by corpus luteum is initiated by ______.
A human female reaches menopause aroung the age of ______.
Proliferative phase of menstrual cycle, is also called ______.
A biology student after studying the different levels of hormones during the menstrual cycle was comparing 2 subjects (Patients). A table was created after looking at the levels of hormones A and B for Subjects 1 and 2. Read the information in the table and answer the question that follows.
| HORMONE A | HORMONE B | |
| Subject 1 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | Falls down during the luteal phase. |
| Subject 2 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | The level is maintained high in the luteal phase. |
Which structure in the ovary will remain functional in subject 2?
Distinguish between pollination and fertilisation. Mention the site and product of fertilisation in a flower.
Draw a neat, labelled diagram of a pistil showing pollen tube growth and its entry into the ovule.
The Corpus luteum grows during menstruation.
Menstruation is triggered by an abrupt decline in the amount of ______.
The secretory phase in the human menstrual cycle is also called:
The growth of corpus luteum is initiated by:
In the figure given below, parts A and B show the level of hormones which influence the menstrual cycle. Study the figure and answer the questions that follow:
- Name the organs which secrete the hormones represented in parts A and B.
- State the impact of the hormones in part B on the uterus of the human female during 6 to 15 days of the menstrual cycle.
Complete the table:
| Number | Type | No. of pairs | Region |
| C1C8 | Cervical | ______ | Neck |
| T1T12 | ______ | 12 pairs | ______ |
| L1L5 | Lumbar | ______ | Lower back |
| S1S5 | ______ | 5 pairs | ______ |
| CO1 | Coccygeal | ______ | ______ |
Name the following:
The permanent stoppage of menstruation in human females around the age of 45 years.
