Topics
Sets and Relations
- Fundamental Concepts of Ordered Pairs and Relations
- Representation of a Set
- Intervals
- Classification of Sets
- Relations of Sets
Functions
- Functions
- Types of Functions
- Representation of Function
- Graph of a Function
- Fundamental Functions
- Algebra of Functions
- Composite Function
- Inverse Functions
- Some Special Functions
Complex Numbers 33
- Introduction of Complex Number
- Imaginary Number
- Concept of Complex Numbers
- Conjugate of a Complex Number
- Algebraic Operations of Complex Numbers
- Square Root of a Complex Number
- Solution of a Quadratic Equation in Complex Number System
- Cube Root of Unity
Sequences and Series
- Sequence, Series, and Progression
- Geometric Progression (G. P.)
- General Term Or the nth Term of a G.P.
- Sum to' n' Terms of a Geometric Progression
- Sum to' n' Terms of a Geometric Progression
- Recurring Decimals
- Harmonic Progression (H. P.)
- Types of Means
- Special Series (Sigma Notation)
Locus and Straight Line
- Locus
- Line
- Equations of Lines in Different Forms
- Equation of a Straight Line
Determinants
- Determinants
- Properties of Determinants
- Application of Determinants
- Determinant Method (Cramer’s Rule)
- Consistency of Three Linear Equations in Two Variables
- Area of a Triangle Using Determinants
- Collinearity of Three Points
Limits
- Definition of Limit of a Function
- Algebra of Limits
- Evaluation of Limits
- Direct Method
- Factorization Method
- Rationalization Method
- Limits of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Continuity
- Continuous and Discontinuous Functions
- Continuity of a Function at a Point
- Definition of Continuity
- Continuity from the Right and from the Left
- Properties of Continuous Functions
- Continuity in the Domain of the Function
- Examples of Continuous Functions Whereever They Are Defined
Differentiation
- The Meaning of Rate of Change
- Definition of Derivative and Differentiability
- Derivative by the Method of First Principle
- Rules of Differentiation (Without Proof)
- Applications of Derivatives
Partition Values
- Partition Values
- Deciles
- Percentiles
- Relations Among Quartiles, Deciles and Percentiles
- Graphical Location of Partition Values
Measures of Dispersion
- Measures of Dispersion
- Quartiles and Range in Statistics
- Measures of Dispersion > Variance and Standard Deviation
- Standard Deviation for Combined Data
- Coefficient of Variation
Skewness
- Skewness
- Asymmetric Distribution (Positive Skewness)
- Asymmetric (Negative Skewness)
- Measures of Skewness
- Karl Pearson’S Coefficient of Skewness (Pearsonian Coefficient of Skewness)
- Features of Pearsonian Coefficient
- Bowley’s Coefficient of Skewness
Bivariate Frequency Distribution and Chi Square Statistic
- Bivariate Frequency Distribution
- Classification and Tabulation of Bivariate Data
- Marginal Frequency Distributions
- Conditional Frequency Distributions
- Categorical Variables
- Contingency Table
- Chi-Square Statistic ( χ2 )
Correlation
- Correlation
- Concept of Covariance
- Properties of Covariance
- Concept of Correlation Coefficient
- Scatter Diagram
- Interpretation of Value of Correlation Coefficient
Permutations and Combinations
- Introduction of Permutations and Combinations
- Fundamental Principles of Counting
- Concept of Addition Principle
- Concept of Multiplication Principle
- Concept of Factorial Function
- Permutations
- Permutations When All Objects Are Distinct
- Permutations When Repetitions Are Allowed
- Permutations When All Objects Are Not Distinct
- Circular Permutations
- Properties of Permutations
- Combination
- Properties of Combinations
Probability
- Concept of Probability
- Elementary Types of Events in Probability
- Elementary Properties of Probability
- Addition Theorem of Probability
- Conditional Probability
- Multiplication Theorem on Probability
- Independent Events
Linear Inequations
- Linear Inequations
- Method of Solving a Linear Inequality
- Representation of Inequalities
- Graphical Solution of Linear Inequality of Two Variable
- Solution of System of Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
Commercial Mathematics
- Percentage
- Profit and Loss
- Simple and Compound Interest (Entrance Exam)
- Concept of Depreciation
- Partnership
- Shares
Notes
Let E and F be two events associated with a sample space S. Clearly, the set E ∩ F denotes the event that both E and F have occurred. In other words, E ∩ F denotes the simultaneous occurrence of the events E and F. The event E ∩ F is also written as EF. We know that the conditional probability of event E given that F has occurred is denoted by P(E|F) and is given by
P(E|F) = `(P(E ∩ F ))/(P(F)) , P(F) ≠ 0`
From this result, we can write
P(E ∩ F) = P(F) . P(E|F) ... (1)
Also, we know that
P(F|E) = `(P(F ∩ E))/(P(E)) , P(E) ≠ 0`
or P(F|E) = `(P(E ∩ F))/ (P(E)) ("since" E ∩ F = F ∩ E) `
Thus, P(E ∩F) = P(E). P(F|E) .... (2)
Combining (1) and (2), we find that
P(E ∩ F) = P(E) P(F|E)
= P(F) P(E|F) provided P(E) ≠ 0 and P(F) ≠ 0.
The above result is known as the multiplication rule of probability.
Video link : https://youtu.be/DrfBeX1t_r4
Shaalaa.com | Probability part 12 (Multiplication theorem on Probability)
Related QuestionsVIEW ALL [26]
Read the following passage and answer the questions given below:
In an Office three employees Jayant, Sonia and Oliver process incoming copies of a certain form. Jayant processes 50% of the forms, Sonia processes 20% and Oliver the remaining 30% of the forms. Jayant has an error rate of 0.06, Sonia has an error rate of 0.04 and Oliver has an error rate of 0.03.![]() |
Based on the above information, answer the following questions.
- Find the probability that Sonia processed the form and committed an error.
- Find the total probability of committing an error in processing the form.
- The manager of the Company wants to do a quality check. During inspection, he selects a form at random from the days output of processed form. If the form selected at random has an error, find the probability that the form is not processed by Jayant.
OR
Let E be the event of committing an error in processing the form and let E1, E2 and E3 be the events that Jayant, Sonia and Oliver processed the form. Find the value of `sum_(i = 1)^3P(E_i|E)`.

