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Mathematics and Statistics Official Board Paper 2024-2025 HSC Commerce (English Medium) 12th Standard Board Exam Question Paper Solution

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Mathematics and Statistics [Official Board Paper]
Marks: 80 Maharashtra State Board
HSC Commerce (English Medium)
HSC Commerce: Marketing and Salesmanship
HSC Commerce (Marathi Medium)

Academic Year: 2024-2025
Date & Time: 3rd July 2025, 11:00 am
Duration: 3h
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General Instructions:

  1. All questions are compulsory. 
  2. There are six questions divided into two sections. 
  3. Write answers of Section-I and Section-II in the same answer book.
  4. Use of logarithmic tables is allowed. Use of calculator is not allowed.
  5. For L.P.P. and Time Series graph paper is not necessary. Only rough sketch of graph is expected.
  6. Start answer to each question on a new page.
  7. For each objective type of question (i.e. Q.1 and Q.4) only the first attempt will be considered for evaluation.

Section - I (12 Marks)
[6]1. (A) | Select and write the correct answer of the following multiple choice type of questions (1 mark each):
[1]1. (A) i.

Martix B = `[(0, 3, 1),(-3, 0, -4),("P", 4, 0)]` is skew-symmetric then value of P is ______.

1

–1

0

–3

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (A) ii.

If y = elog x then `dy/dx` = ______.

`1/x`

`1/2`

`e^(log x)/x`

0

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (A) iii.

`int (1 - x)^-3 dx` = ______.

`1/2 (1 - x)^-2 + c`

`1/2 (1 + x)^-2 + c`

`1/2 (1 - x)^-2 + x/2 + c`

`1/2 (1 - x)^-2 - x/2 + c`

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (A) iv.

If `int_0^a 3x^2 dx = 8` then a = ______.

0

2

8

`4/3`

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (A) v.

Area of the region bounded by the curve y = x2, the X-axis and the lines x = 1 and x = 3 is ______.

`3/26` sq. units

3 sq. units

26 sq. units

`26/3` sq. units

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (A) vi.

The order and degree of the differential equation `((d^2y)/(dx^2))^2 + ((dy)/(dx))^2 = a^x` are ______ respectively.

1, 1

1, 2

2, 2

2, 1

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
State whether the following statements are true or false (1 mark each):
[1]1. (B) ii.

For `int (x - 1)/(x - 1)^3 e^ x dx = e^x * f(x) + c`, where f(x) = (x + 1)2.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (B) iii.

The integrating factor (I.F.) of `dy/dx + y = e^-x` is ex.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
Fill in the following blanks (1 mark each):
[1]1. (C) i.

Negation of “Some men are animal” is ______.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [1] Mathematical Logic
[1]1. (C) ii.

If the average revenue is 45 and clasticity of demand is 3 then marginal revenue is ______.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (C) iii.

To find the value of `int (10x^9 + 10^x * log 10)/(10^x + x^10) dx`, the proper substitution is ______.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
Attempt any two of the following questions (3 marks each):
[14]2. (A)
[3]2. (A) i.

Determine whether the following statement pattern is a tautology, contradiction, or contingency.

[(p ∧ q) ∨ (~p)] ∨ [p ∧ (~ q)]

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [1] Mathematical Logic
[3]2. (A) ii.

Find `dy/dx` if y = (log x)x + x5.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]2. (A) iii.

Find the area of the region bounded by the parabola y2 = 4x and the line x = 3.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [7] Applications of Definite Integration
Attempt any two of the following questions (4 marks each):
[4]2. (B) i.

Find MPC, MPS, APC and APS, if the expenditure Ec of a person with income I is given as Ec = (0.0003) I2 + (0.075) I ; When I = 1000.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [4] Applications of Derivatives
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[4]2. (B) ii.

Solve the following differential equation.

x2y dx − (x3 + y3) dy = 0

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [8] Differential Equation and Applications
[4]2. (B) iii.

Express the following equations in matrix form and solve them by the method of reduction:

x + 2y + z = 8, 2x + 3y - z = 11, 3x - y - 2z = 5.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
Attempt any two of the following questions (3 marks each):
[3]3. (A) i.

Write the converse, inverse, contrapositive of the following statement.

If a man is bachelor, then he is happy.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [1] Mathematical Logic
[3]3. (A) ii.

Find the inverse of `[(3, 1, 5),(2, 7, 8),(1, 2, 5)]` by adjoint method.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]3. (A) iii.

If `"x"^5 * "y"^7 = ("x + y")^12` then show that, `"dy"/"dx" = "y"/"x"`

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [3] Differentiation
Attempt any one of the following questions (4 marks each):
[4]3. (B) i.

Evaluate the following.

`int "x"^2 *"e"^"3x"`dx

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [5] Integration
[4]3. (B) ii.

Evaluate: `int_1^4 (root(3)(x + 6))/(root(3)(x + 6) + root(3)(11 - x))*dx`

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
Attempt any one of the following questions (Activity) (4 marks each):
[4]3. (C) i.

Find the values of x, such that f(x) is increasing function

f(x) = 2x3 – 15x – 144x – 7

Solution:

Given: f(x) = 2x3 – 15x2 – 144 – 7

∴ f′(x) = 6x2 – 30x – 144

Now, f′(x) > 0, as f(x) is increasing

∴ 6x2 – 30x – 144 = 0

∴ x2 – 5x – 24 = 0

∴ (x – 8)(x + 3) > 0

Case (I) x – 8 > 0 and x + 3 > 0

x > 8 and x > –3

∴ x > `square`

Case (II) x – 8 < 0 and x + 3 < 0

x < 8 and x < –3

∴ x < `square`

∴ f(x) = 2x3 – 15x2 – 144 – 7 is increasing if and only if x ∈ (–∞, `square`) or x ∈ (`square`, ∞)

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[4]3. (C) ii.

Solve the following differential equation, hence find the particular solution when x = 0, y = 1

`y^3-dy/dx=xdy/dx`

Solution:

`y^3=xdy/dx+dy/dx`

∴ y3 = (x + 1)·`square`

∴ (x + 1)dy = y3 dx

Separating the variables, we get

`1/y^3dy=1/(x+1)dx`

Now integrating, we get

∴ `1/y^3dy=1/(x+1)dx`

∴ `-1/(2y^2)=square+c`   ...(i)

which is required general solution

put x = 0 and y = 1 in (i)

`-1/(2(1)^2)=log|0 + 1| + c`

∴ `square=c`

∴ `-1/(2y^2)=square-1/2`

is the particular solution.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
SECTION - II (12 Marks)
[6]4. (A)
Select and write the correct answer of the following multiple choice type of questions (1 mark each):
[1]4. (A) i.

The sum due is also called as ______.

Face value

Present value

Cash value

True discount

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]4. (A) ii.

Following are different types of insurance.

  1. Life insurance
  2. Health insurance
  3. Liability insurance

Only I

Only II

Only III

All the three

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]4. (A) iii.

|bxy + byx | ≥ ______.

|r|

2 |r|

r

2r

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [11] Linear Regression
[1]4. (A) iv.

If P01(L) = 120.4 and P01(P) = 130.6 then P01 (D – B) is ______.

25.1

60.2

125.5

65.3

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]4. (A) v.

F(x) is c.d.f. of discrete r.v. X whose distribution is

Xi – 2 – 1 0 1 2
Pi 0.2 0.3 0.15 0.25 0.1

Then F(– 3) = ______.

0

1

0.2

0.15

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]4. (A) vi.

Given p.d.f. of a continuous r.v.X as

f(x) = `x^2/(3)` for –1 < x < 2

= 0, otherwise

then F(1) = _______.

`(1)/(9)`

`(2)/(9)`

`(3)/(9)`

`(4)/(9)`

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
State whether the following statements are true or false (1 mark each):
[1]4. B. i.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

The bankers discount is also called as commercial discount.

True

False

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
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[1]4. B. ii.

The optimum value of the objective function of LPP occurs at the center of the feasible region.

True

False

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [14] Linear Programming
[1]4. B. iii.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

If E(X) > Var (X) then X follows Binomial distribution.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
Fill in the following blanks (1 mark each):
[1]4. (C) i.

The region represented by the inequality y ≤ 0 lies in _______ quadrants.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [14] Linear Programming
[1]4. (C) ii.

The time required for printing of four books A, B, C and D is 5, 8, 10 and 7 hours while its data entry requires 7, 4, 3 and 6 hrs respectively. The sequence that minimizes total elapsed time is ______.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [15] Assignment Problem and Sequencing
[1]4. (C) iii.

If X has Poisson distribution with parameter m and P(X = 3) = P(X = 4) then m = ____.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
Attempt any two of the following questions (3 marks each):
[3]5. (A) i.

A person wants to create a fund of ₹ 6,96,150 after 4 years at the time of his retirement. He decides to invest a fixed amount at the end of every year in a bank that offers him interest of 10% p.a. compounded annually. What amount should he invest every year? [Given (1.1)4 = 1.4641]

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [10] Insurance and Annuity
[3]5. (A) ii.

Following are given information about advertising expenditure and sales.

  Advertisement expenditure
(₹ in lakh)
(X)
Sales
(₹ in lakh)
(Y)
Arithmetic mean 10 90
Standard deviation 3 12

Correlation coefficient between X and Y is 0.8.

  1. Obtain the regression of Y on X
  2. What is the likely sales when the advertising budget is ₹ 15 lakh?
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]5. (A) iii.

Base year weights (W) and current year price relatives (I) are given in Problem. Calculate the cost of living index in:

Find y if the cost of living index is 200.

Group Food Clothing Fuel & Lighting House Rent Miscellaneous
I 180 120 160 300 200
W 4 5 3 y 2
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [13] Index Numbers
Attempt any two of the following questions (4 marks each):
[4]5. (B) i.

A bill of ₹ 5,475 drawn on 19th January 2015 for 8 months was discounted on 28th February 2015 at 8% p.a. interest. What is the banker’s discount? What is the cash value of the bill?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[4]5. B. ii.

Following table shows that all India Infant Mortality Rates (per '000) for years 1980 to 1986:

Years 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986
IMR 10 6 5 3 3 1 0

Fit a trend line to the above data by the method of least squares.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[4]5. B. iii.

Four new machines M1, M2, M3 and M4 are to be installed in a machine shop. There are five vacant places A, B, C, D and E available. Because of limited space, machine M2 cannot be placed at C and M3 cannot be placed at A. The cost matrix is given below:

Machines Places
A B C D E
M1 4 6 10 5 6
M2 7 4 5 4
M3 6 9 6 2
M4 9 3 7 2 3

Find the optimal assignment schedule.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [15] Assignment Problem and Sequencing
Attempt any two of the following questions (3 marks each):
[3]6. (A) i.

Obtain 4 yearly centered moving averages for the following time series:

Years 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991
Number of crime ('000) 40 42 43 42 44 44 43 46 47 45 46
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]6. (A) ii.

Calculate Walsh’s Price Index Number for the following data:

Commodity Base Year Current year
Price Quantity Price Quantity
L 4 8 3 2
M 6 16 8 9
N 8 18 7 32
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]6. (A) iii.

A pair of dice is thrown 3 times. If getting a doublet is considered a success, find the probability of two successes.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
Attempt any one of the following questions (4 marks each):
[4]6. (B) (i)

The equations of two regression lines are 8x – 10y + 66 = 0 and 40x – 18y = 214. Find

  1. The mean values of X and Y
  2. Correlation coefficient between X and Y
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[4]6. (B) (ii)

Maximize Z = 60x + 50y Subject to x + 2y ≤ 40, 3x + 2y ≤ 60, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [14] Linear Programming
Attempt any ONE of the following questions (Activity) (4 marks each):
[4]6. (C) i.

Find the sequence that minimizes the total elapsed time to complete the following jobs in the order AB. Find the total elapsed time and idle times for both the machines.

Job I II III IV V VI VII
Machine A 7 16 19 10 14 15 5
Machine B 12 14 14 10 16 5 7

Solution:

Using the optimal sequence algorithm, the following optimal sequence can be obtained.

`square` `square` IV III `square` `square`

Total elapsed time is obtained as follows

Job Machine A Machine B
Time In Time  Out Time In Time Out
`square` 0 5 5 12
`square` 5 12 12 24
IV 12 22 24 34
V 22 36 36 52
III 36 55 55 69
`square` 55 71 71 85
`square` 71 86 86 91

∴ Total elapsed time T = 91 units

Idle time for machine A = `square` units

Idle time for machine B = `square` units

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[4]6. (C) ii.

The probability distribution of X is as follows:

x 0 1 2 3 4
P[X = x] 0.1 k 2k 2k k

Find:

  1. k
  2. P(X > 2)
  3. P(1 < X < 4)

Solution:

The table gives a probability distribution and therefore

∑P(X = x) = 1

P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) + P(X = 2) + P(X = 3) + P(X = 4) = 1

0.1 + k + 2k + 2k + k = 1

6k = 1 – 0.1

6k = 0.9

k = `square`

P(X > 2) = P(X = 3) + P(X = 4)

= 2k + k 

= `square`

P(1 < X ≤ 4 = PX = `square`) + P(X = 3) + PX = 4)

`square` + 2k + k

= 0.75

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:

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