Chemistry Official 2023-2024 (English Medium) ICSE Class 10 Question Paper Solution

The unsaturated hydrocarbons undergo ______.

a substitution reaction

an oxidation reaction

an addition reaction

none of the above

redox reaction

In the 2^nd period Neon has maximum Ionization Potential because ______.

It has unstable electronic configuration.

It easily accepts electrons.

It easily loses electrons.

The outer most shell is completely filled.

Copper, zinc, and Tin are the metals alloyed to form ______.

Duralumin

Brass

Bronze

Solder

The metal hydroxide which reacts with both acids and alkalis to form salt and water is ______.

Calcium hydroxide

Magnesium hydroxide

Aluminium hydroxide

Ferric hydroxide

Reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid in the presence of concentrated \[\ce{H2SO4}\] is termed as ______.

Halogenation

Esterification

Hydrogenation

Dehydrohalogenation

Conversion of ethanol to ethene by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid is an example of _________.

Dehydration

Dehydrogenation

Dehydrohalogenation

Hydrolysis

The oxidizing agent in the equation \[\ce{S + 2H2SO4 -> 3SO2 + 2H2O}\] is ______.

Sulphur

Sulphuric acid

Sulphur dioxide

Water

Electron Affinity is maximum in ______.

Mg

Ar

Li

Br

The compound that is not a constituent of the electrolytic mixture used in Hall-Heroult's process is ______.

\[\ce{Al2O3}\]

\[\ce{NaAlO2}\]

\[\ce{Na3AlF6}\]

\[\ce{CaF2}\]

On passing ammonia gas over heated copper oxide for some time, a reddish-brown residue is left behind. What property of ammonia is demonstrated here?

Basic property

Oxidising property

Reducing property

Acidic property

Rotten egg smell is due to the liberation of ______.

\[\ce{HCI}\] gas

\[\ce{H2S}\] gas

\[\ce{Cl2}\] gas

\[\ce{SO2}\] gas

Ammonia gas is collected by downward displacement of air since ammonia is ______.

Very slightly soluble in water

Heavier than air

Lighter than air

Insoluble in water

Which of the following would occupy 22.4 litres at S.T.P.?

1. 32 g of oxygen gas
2. 2 moles of hydrogen gas
3. 6.022 × 10²³ molecules of ammonia

[Atomic weights: O = 16, H = 1, N = 14]

1 and 2

1 and 3

2 and 3

1, 2 and 3

In the molecule of water, oxygen atom has ______.

One shared pair of electrons

Three shared pairs of electrons

Two lone pairs of electrons

One lone pair of electrons

A mineral from which the metal can be extracted economically and conveniently is known as ______.

Matrix

Ore

Flux

Alloy

The following sketch represents the electroplating of an Iron cup with Nickel metal.

Study the diagram and answer the following questions:

1. During electroplating, the iron cup is placed at the cathode. Why?
2. Name the ion that must be present in the electrolyte.
3. State one condition that is necessary to ensure that the deposit is smooth, firm and even.
4. Write the reaction taking place at the cathode.
5. What change would you observe at the anode?

Match the Column A with Column B.

The salt prepared by the method of direct combination is _______.

Iron (II) chloride \[\ce{(FeCl2)}\]

Iron (III) chloride \[\ce{(FeCl3)}\]

The metallic oxide which can be reduced by using common reducing agents is ______.

\[\ce{Fe2O3}\]

\[\ce{Al2O3}\]

The metal nitrate which on thermal decomposition forms a black residue is ______.

zinc nitrate

copper nitrate

During the electrolysis of copper sulphate solution, if ______ is used as electrodes, the colour of the electrolyte does not fade.

copper

platinum

The process of heating the concentrated ore in a limited supply or absence of air is ______.

Roasting

Calcination

State the term for the following:

The group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from the parent alkane.

State the term for the following:

Two metal plates or wires through which the current enters and leaves the electrolytic cell.

State the term for the following:

The amount of substance which contains the same number of units as the number of atoms in carbon-12.

State the term for the following:

The tendency of an atom to pull a shared pair of electrons towards itself in a compound.

State the term for the following:

The formula which represents the simplest ratio between the atoms of elements present in a compound.

Give the IUPAC name of the organic compound represented by the structural formula given below:

\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{Cl}\phantom{..}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\\
|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\\
\ce{H - C - C - C - C - C - H}\\
|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\\
\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{Cl}\phantom{..}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\end{array}\]

Give the IUPAC name of the organic compound represented by the structural formula given below:

\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{.}\ce{H\phantom{...}H\phantom{...}O}\phantom{..}\\
\phantom{.}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}||\phantom{..}\\
\ce{H - C - C - C - OH}\\
\phantom{}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{......}\\
\phantom{}\ce{H\phantom{...}H}\phantom{......}
\end{array}\]

Draw the structural diagram for the following organic compound:

3-methyl pentane

Give the structural formula of the following organic compound:

Methanal

Rewrite the following statement by adding the correct word, as shown in the example:

Sulphuric acid acts as a dehydrating agent.

Rewrite the following statement by adding the correct word, as shown in the example:

Ammonia reacts with chlorine to give ammonium chloride and nitrogen.

Identify only the anion present in the following compound:

The compound, on heating, produces a colourless, odourless gas which turns lime water milky and has no effect on acidified potassium dichromate solution.

Identify only the anion present in the following compound:

The solution of the compound which on treating with concentrated sulphuric acid and freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution produces a brown ring.

Mohan has three solutions P, Q and R having a pH of 13, 5 and 2 respectively. Which of the above solutions P, Q or R will react with magnesium to liberate hydrogen gas?

Mohan has three solutions P, Q and R having a pH of 13, 5 and 2 respectively. Which of the above solutions P, Q or R will liberate ammonia gas when it reacts with ammonium chloride?

Mohan has three solutions P, Q and R having a pH of 13, 5 and 2 respectively. Which of the above solutions P, Q or R will contain molecules as well as ions?

The following table is related to an industrial process of an acid.

Identify (a), (b) and (c).

Define the term.

Molar volume

Define normal salt.

Draw the electron dot structure of Methane molecule.

[Atomic number: N = 7, C = 6, H = 1]

Draw the electron dot structure of Nitrogen molecule.

[Atomic number: N = 7, C = 6, H = 1]

Complete and balance the following equation:

\[\ce{Al2O3 + NaOH ->}\]

Complete and balance the following equation:

\[\ce{C2H5COONa + NaOH ->[\Delta][CaO]}\]

Complete and balance the following equation:

\[\ce{C2H4Br2 +alcoholic KOH ->[\Delta]}\]

The compound which does not have a double bond in its structure.

Ethene

Ethanoic acid

Ethanol

Methanal

The compound in its pure form turns into an ice like solid on cooling.

Ethene

Ethanoic acid

Ethanol

Methanal

The compound which is used for artificial ripening of fruits.

Ethene

Ethanoic acid

Ethanol

Methanal

Name the main constituent metal in the following alloys:

Duralumin

Name the main constituent metal in the following alloy:
Stainless steel

Differentiate between the following pairs based on the odourless gas which turns lime water milky and the criteria given:

Sulphuric acid and Nitric acid (using barium chloride solution)

Differentiate between the following pairs based on the criteria given:

Unsaturated and Saturated hydrocarbons (type of bond present)

Calcium carbonate react with dilute hydrochloric acid as given below:

\[\ce{CaCO3 + 2HCl -> CaCl2 + H2O + CO2}\]

What is the mass of 5 moles of calcium carbonate? (Relative molecular mass of calcium carbonate is 100)

Calcium carbonate react with dilute hydrochloric acid as given below:

\[\ce{CaCO3 + 2HCl -> CaCl2 + H2O + CO2}\]

How many moles of \[\ce{HCl}\] will react with 5 moles of calcium carbonate?

Calcium carbonate react with dilute hydrochloric acid as given below:

\[\ce{CaCO3 + 2HCl -> CaCl2 + H2O + CO2}\]

What is the volume of carbon dioxide liberated at S.T.P. at the same time?

Identify the gas evolved in the following reaction:

Methane undergoes complete combustion.

Identify the gas evolved in the following reaction:

Copper carbonate is heated.

Identify the gas evolved in the following reaction:

\[\ce{MnO2}\] reacts with concentrated \[\ce{HCl}\].

X - \[\ce{HCl <=> H^{1+} + Cl-}\] (in solution state)

Y - \[\ce{PbBr2 <=> Pb^{2+} + 2Br^{1-}}\] (in molten state)

From the above reaction X or Y, identify the reaction which exhibit:

electrolytic dissociation

X - \[\ce{HCl <=> H^{1+} + Cl-}\] (in solution state)

Y - \[\ce{PbBr2 <=> Pb^{2+} + 2Br^{1-}}\] (in molten state)

From the above reaction X or Y, identify the reaction which exhibit:

ionization

Give a reason for Inert gases do not form ions.

Give reason for the following:

Covalent compounds have a low melting and boiling point.

Arrange the following as per the instruction given in the bracket:

Carbon, Fluorine, Beryllium (decreasing order of atomic size).

Arrange the following as per the instruction given in the bracket:

Sulphuric acid, Phosphoric acid, Acetic acid (increasing order of number of replaceable H atoms per molecule).

Arrange the following as per the instruction given in the bracket:

Potassium, Lithium, Sodium (increasing order of ionization potential).

Identify the following:

An element in Period 1 which can be placed in both Group 1 and Group 17 of the Periodic Table.

Identify the following:

The element having electronic configuration 2, 8, 6.

Identify the following:

The most electronegative element of Period 3.

Rita was given an unknown salt for identification. She prepared a solution of the salt and divided it into two parts.

• To the first part of the salt solution, she added a few drops of ammonium hydroxide and obtained a reddish-brown precipitate.
• To the second part of the salt solution, she added a few drops of silver nitrate solution and obtained a white precipitate.

Name:

1. The cation present and
2. The anion present in the salt given for identification.

Carbon tetrachloride is a ______ covalent molecule.

Polar 

Non-polar

During electrolysis of acidulated water, the gas liberated at the anode is ______.

Oxygen

Hydrogen

Ammonia burns in oxygen, as shown below.

\[\ce{4NH3 + 3O2 -> 2N2 + 6H2O}\]

If 240 cc of ammonia is burnt in 300 cc of oxygen, find out the composition of the resultant gaseous mixture at room temperature.

The following table shows the electronic configuration of the atoms A, B, C and D.

1. Write the formula of the compound formed between:
   
   1. A and B
   2. D and C
2. Which of the above elements will exhibit catenation?

The ore which can be concentrated by magnetic separation.

Zinc blende

C₂H₂

Calamine

CH

Haematite

Empirical formula of Ethyne.

Zinc blende

C₂H₂

Calamine

CH

Haematite

Give a balanced equation for the following reaction:

Copper reacts with concentrated nitric acid.

Write the equation for the reaction:

Aluminum, Nitride and Water.

Match the salts underlined in Column A with the most suitable method of preparation given in Column B.

Hydrogen chloride gas is prepared in the laboratory by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid on sodium chloride.

Give a balanced chemical equation for the above reaction.

Hydrogen chloride gas is prepared in the laboratory by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid on sodium chloride.

State the method of collection of the gas formed above.

Hydrogen chloride gas is prepared in the laboratory by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid on sodium chloride.

What is the property of sulphuric acid that makes it a suitable reagent for the reaction?