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प्रश्न
The story begins with a description of the setting. How does this serve as a fitting prelude to the events described in the story?
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उत्तर
The story of Iona Potapov is one of suffering. The setting described in the beginning sets the mood of the reader, the atmosphere is full of gloom and darkness as it is a day covered with snow. The author has tried to evoke melancholy in the reader's heart through the environment he describes so that the reader is set in tune with the mood of the protagonist. The author describes the positions and appearance of Iona. He appears like a phantom who is lost as if he is not interested in the world anymore, unaware of his surroundings and the snow that covered his eyelashes and even on his horse's back. This all sets the mood perfectly for a story that is to uncover the protagonist's loss at which he laments.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
We sang our school fight song dozens of times – en route to Arlington National cemetery, and even on an afternoon cruise down the Potomac River. We visited the Lincoln Memorial twice, once in day – light, the second time at dusk. My classmates and I fell silent as we walked in the shadows of those 36 marble columns, one for every state in the Union that Lincoln laboured to preserve. I stood next to Frank at the base of the 19 foot seated statue. Spotlights made the white Georgian marble seem to glow. Together we read famous words from Lincoln’s speech at Gettysburg remembering the most bloody battle in the war between the status : “………….we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain – that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom………..”
As Frank motioned me into place to take my picture, I took one last look at Lincoln’s face. He seemed alive and so terribly sad.
The next morning I understand a little better why he wasn’t smiling. “Clifton,” a chaperone said, “could I see you for a moment?”
(1) When did the boys visit Lincoln Memorial?
(2) What made the Georgian marble glow?
(3) What did the words: “………. We here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain – that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom …………” remind them?
(4) Do you believe in building memorials? What kind should they be, if your answer is ‘yes’? If no, give reasons why you do not believe in memorials?
Aunt Jennifer's tigers prance across a screen,
Bright topaz denizens of a world of green.
They do not fear the men beneath the tree;
They pace in sleek chivalric certainty.
(a) Why are the tigers called Aunt Jennifer's tigers?
(b) How are they described here?
(c) How are they different from Aunt Jennifer?
(d) What does the word, 'chivalric' mean?
To what end have humans used their superior intelligence ?
Read the following passage and do the activities:
B1 Match:
Match the areas given in Column ‘A’ with the description of Mehendi design given in Column ‘B’:
| 'A' | 'B" | ||
| (i) | North African | (a) | A mix of Indo-Pakistani and Arabic design |
| (ii) | Indian | (b) | Delicate loops and curves, paisleys, teardrops |
| (iii) | Arabic | (c) | Geometrical images |
| (iv) | South Asian | (d) | Local textiles, paintings, and architecture |
Henna comes from the leaves of the plant Lawsonia inertias. The plant grows in hot and dry climes and is native to North Africa, the Indian subcontinent and the Middle East. The leaves of the plant are dried and crushed to powder. Various additives such as coffee decoction, tea, lime juice, Mehendi and eucalyptus oil are mixed with the henna powder to increase the potency of the dry, this also helps to bind the powder to a paste-like consistency. The mixture is applied through cones in intricate patterns depending on the region of use.
Album of Patterns
Four major styles can be found in the vast dictionary of Mehendi designs. Earlier the application was restricted to hand and feet, but the adoption of Mehendi by different cultures throughout the world has seen experimentation on different body parts including the neck naval and back.
North African patterns rely on geometrical images to trace the shape of hands and feet, Arabic designs borrow heavily from local textiles, paintings, and architecture. These are more spaced out, to allow the design to stand out boldly from the skin parts left untouched by henna. The Indian style comprises of delicate loops and curves, paisleys, teardrops and flowers that give a dainty filigreed glow-like effect. Though intricate patterning is the name of the game today, this trend took off in India only during the 20th century. The patterns preferred by the South Asian countries are mixed with Indo-Pakistani and Arabic design schemes. Chinese and Celtic symbols now find a place in the vast repertoire of Mehendi designs as well.
B2 Complete:
Complete the following and write:
(i) The procedure before applying henna _______
(ii) The reasons for using additives _______
(iii) The suitable climatic conditions for the henna plant _______
(iv) Mehendi is used on _______
B3 Find words:
Look at the following description and find out proper words from the passage and write:
(i) Existing naturally in the place : - n _______
(ii) Consist of something: - c _______
(iii) Delicate decoration made from gold, silver and copper wire: - f _______
(iv) Substance that is added in small quantity : - a _______
B4 Language study:
Fill in the blanks with suitable subordinators given in the box:
| as well as, so that, however, which |
(i) The mixture is applied through cones in intricate patterns _______ depend on the region of use.
(ii) The intricate pattern is the name of the game of today _______, this trend took off in India, recently.
(iii) North African pattern relies on geometrical images ______ they can trace the shape of hands and feet.
(iv) The patterns preferred by the South Asian countries are mixed with Indo-Pakistani _______ Arabic design schemes.
B5 Personal Response:
Which Mehendi design do you like? Why?
Read the following passage and do the given activities:
B.1) Comparison
Write the comparison between the parts of the modular phone and the human body:
| Modular Phone | Parts of Human Body |
Every phone you buy, no matter how costly and latest it is, will go out of date in a year or so. That’s how quickly the smartphone world is moving right now. To keep yourself up to date with the current specification you will have to keep switching phones every once a while. What’s the solution to this problem?
MODULAR PHONES!
A modular device is a phone, tablet or another device where individual components such as the screen, camera, CPU, battery, memory can be removed by the user and replaced by others with a different specification. Imagine your body to be your phone and your clothes as the components, you can wear anything according to your needs and moods. Similarly, modular phones let you choose between components of different properties and specifications.
This would mean we’ll have the liberty to customize our phones, just like Lego building blocks! The main components of the phone will be Brain (processor), Spine (frame, screen) and Heart (battery). The other components may include a camera, storage memory, GPS, audio jack, speakers, USB module, etc. and the phone will have a motherboard, i.e. a base that will hold all components together
B.2) Give examples:
Write two examples that give the liberty to customize our phone.
• ____________________
• ____________________
B.3) Framing sentence:
Use the given phrases in sentences of your own:
(i) up to date
(ii) once a while
B.4) Write as instructed:
Rewrite the sentence as interrogative:
(i) We’ll have the liberty to customize our phones.
(ii) We will have the liberty to customize our phones. (Rewrite using the present participle form of the underlined word)
B.5) Personal Response
If given a chance to design a modular phone, what new features would you add?
How would you say ‘a dilapidated drum’ in your language?
Explain the associations that the colour 'white' has in the story.
Comment on the use of the phrase ‘fresh-peeled voice’.
The poetic effect is achieved in the poem through understatement and asides. Discuss this with examples.
What facet of political life does the behaviour of Ajamil illustrate?
Select any one of the famous personalities mentioned in ‘Warming up 1’ on page no. 5. From the library or internet find out their success story. Write it in your own words in about 20 to 30 lines of your notebook.
Give your write-up a suitable title.
Think and answer in your own words.
Does the poet really wish to become a hawker/gardener/watchman? Justify your response.
The last leaf fell off during the rain.
Read the text and enlist the achievements and honours of Ramanujan, received in England.
Fill in the gap, choosing a word from the bracket to make an appropriate comparison.
as ______ as a worm
Read the description of the Kabaddi match and do the following:
Describe, in your own words, the important events in the first half.
Go through the following web that highlights the essential qualities of a compere. Discuss with your partner the essential qualities and also the precautions that a compere should take while compering a program.
Precautions to be taken :
- __________________________
- __________________________
- __________________________
- __________________________
How are fabrics used in our daily life? List all the things that are made up of fabrics in your home. (At least 25)
Explain the following statement with reference to the context.
And then, once the ring's broken, we'll get to work and show the public every day just how incompetent the Mayor is!
Explain the following statement with reference to the context.
From now on The Herald shall be my artillery.
Using your imagination, write more sentences in the same pattern:
- But the more the lion had, the more he wanted.
- Whenever he took a walk, they followed him.
- To be king is good. But to be kind is better.
Complete the following sentence with reference to the passage.
It is believed that _________ Homer, who __________ and who ________ to all who __________________.
Sayali’s mother did not want her to go on the trip.
Answer the following question and write in short, why the parody sounds funny.
Why does the bee work hour after hour?
Fill in the table.
| Period | Way of Addressing a Mother | Boy’s Costume | Lady’s Costume | Daily Chores | Games |
| The 1950s | silk saree | ||||
| 1910 | Kurta pajama and cap | ||||
| The 1800s | |||||
| The 1500s | |||||
| 1000 | |||||
| 100 AD | feed poultry tend sheep keep away birds plaster the yard | ||||
| 3000 BC | Chaupar |
Answer in your own words.
How is the boy from the 1500s dressed?
From the poem, find three lines that use comparisons.
• ______ • ______ • ______
These two passages are examples of a short introduction to works of art - a short review. They cover the following points:
- The creator
- The theme or subject matter
- Type of art
- Individual style
- Presentation techniques
- Its effect on viewers
- Message or interpretation
Compare the points with those you used for a book review and the review of a play. Present the comparison in the form of a chart.
| Book Review | Review of a play | Review of a painting |
Correct the following sentence and rewrite it.
By afternoon, Papa Panov had stopped looking out for Jesus.
Correct the following sentence and rewrite it.
Jesus had actually visited Papa Panov only once on Christmas Eve.
Gather more information about cold winters in Russia.
List all the words and phrases in this story that indicate 'time'.
Make a list of the rhyming words in the poem.
Add one more rhyming word of your own to each pair.
Find out what 'Braille' is.
What conclusions did grandfather jump to when he saw the cops?
The author was going to New York.
Write the name of the toys against each picture.
What should we learn from our teachers?
Read the lines and answer the questions.
And in fighting for their country, faith and king
noble impressions on people’s minds would ring
- What does ‘noble impression’ mean?
- Who can leave a noble impression?
Identify the character/speaker.
Go to my cottage and fetch my gloves and fan.
Identify the character/speaker.
Wake up. You've been sleeping for too long.
He preferred handling mail by himself.
The eggs hatched and the babies flew away.
Why did the crowd gather by the side of the pond?
Name some of the activities that the village children were doing on their vacation.
Nauranang is in Himachal Pradesh.
According to the Indian army, Jaswant is still serving.
Try your own.
What are the three parts of a robot
Write the rhyming word.
Tree - ______.
Why did Robinson name the tribe Friday?
Amir realised his mistakes.
Match the rhyming words.
| Say | grow |
| All | time |
| Go | day |
| Rhyme | fall |
Write the word with same meaning.
chips- ______
What does she paint?
Work or play, let us______.
Why did he rub the circle again and again?
Write about the places where the poet wants us to run.
Are these sentence TRUE or FALSE
The poet tells the child to think of friends after it is dark.
According to Tagore, when will India get the opportunity to win the gift of freedom?
