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प्रश्न
State Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity with a suitable example.
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उत्तर
Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity:
- Statement: “Pairing of electrons in the orbitals belonging to the same subshell does not occur unless each orbital belonging to that subshell has got one electron each.”
- For example, according to Hund’s rule, each of the three-degenerate p-orbitals must get one electron of parallel spin before anyone of them receives the second electron of opposite spin. Therefore, the configuration of four electrons occupying p-orbitals is represented as
and not as↑↓ ↑ ↑ ↑↓ ↑↓ - As a result of Hund’s rule, the atom with fully filled and half-filled set of degenerate orbitals has extra stability.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
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| (i) | (a) `n = 3, l = 2, m_l = -2, m_s = - 1/2` |
| (b) `n = 3, l = 2, m_l = -1, m_s = - 1/2` | |
| (ii) | (a) `n = 3, l = 1, m_l = 1, m_s = + 1/2` |
| (b) `n = 3, l = 2, m_l = 1, m_s = + 1/2` | |
| (iii) | (a) `n = 4, l = 1, m_l = 1, m_s = + 1/2` |
| (b) `n = 3, l = 2, m_l = 1, m_s = + 1/2` | |
| (iv) | (a) `n = 3, l = 2, m_l = +2, m_s = - 1/2` |
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| `n` | `l` | `m_l` | |
| (i) | 1 | 1 | +2 |
| (ii) | 2 | 1 | +1 |
| (iii) | 3 | 2 | –2 |
| (iv) | 3 | 4 | –2 |
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(i) Angular quantum number determines the three dimensional shape of the orbital.
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3dxy, 4dxy 3dz2, 3dyz, 4dyz, 4dz2
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