Science (English Medium) Class 12 - CBSE Question Bank Solutions for Physics

A nuclide 1 is said to be the mirror isobar of nuclide 2 if Z₁ = N₂ and Z₂ = N₁. (a) What nuclide is a mirror isobar of 11²³ Na? (b) Which nuclide out of the two mirror isobars have greater binding energy and why?

Deuteron is a bound state of a neutron and a proton with a binding energy B = 2.2 MeV. A γ-ray of energy E is aimed at a deuteron nucleus to try to break it into a (neutron + proton) such that the n and p move in the direction of the incident γ-ray. If E = B, show that this cannot happen. Hence calculate how much bigger than B must E be for such a process to happen.

Before the neutrino hypothesis, the beta decay process was throught to be the transition, `n -> p + vece`. If this was true, show that if the neutron was at rest, the proton and electron would emerge with fixed energies and calculate them. Experimentally, the electron energy was found to have a large range.

A rectangular, a square, a circular and an elliptical loop, all in the (x - y) plane, are moving out of a uniform magnetic field with a constant velocity `vecv = vhati`. The magnetic field is directed along the negative z-axis direction. The induced emf, during the passage of these loops, out of the field region, will not remain constant for ______.

If the reading of the voltmeter V₁ is 40 V, then the reading of voltmeter V₂ is ______.

Distinguish between isotopes and isobars.

Two nuclei have different mass numbers A₁ and A₂. Are these nuclei necessarily the isotopes of the same element? Explain.

James Chadwick, in 1932 studied the emission of neutral radiations when Beryllium nuclei were bombarded with alpha particles. He concluded that emitted radiations were neutrons and not photons. Explain.

Two nuclei may have the same radius, even though they contain different numbers of protons and neutrons. Explain.

Using Huygens's construction of secondary wavelets explain how a diffraction pattern is obtained on a screen due to a narrow slit on which a monochromatic beam of light is incident normally.

Using Rutherford's model of the atom, derive the expression for the total energy of the electron in hydrogen atom. What is the significance of total negative energy possessed by the electron?

Figure shows a capacitor made of two circular plates each of radius 12 cm, and separated by 5.0 cm. The capacitor is being charged by an external source (not shown in the figure). The charging current is constant and equal to 0.15 A.

1. Calculate the capacitance and the rate of charge of the potential difference between the plates.
2. Obtain the displacement current across the plates.
3. Is Kirchhoff’s first rule (junction rule) valid at each plate of the capacitor? Explain.

A parallel plate capacitor (Figure) made of circular plates each of radius R = 6.0 cm has a capacitance C = 100 pF. The capacitor is connected to a 230 V ac supply with a (angular) frequency of 300 rad s⁻¹.

1. What is the rms value of the conduction current?
2. Is the conduction current equal to the displacement current?
3. Determine the amplitude of B at a point 3.0 cm from the axis between the plates.

A small candle, 2.5 cm in size is placed at 27 cm in front of a concave mirror of radius of curvature 36 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed in order to obtain a sharp image? Describe the nature and size of the image. If the candle is moved closer to the mirror, how would the screen have to be moved?

A 4.5 cm needle is placed 12 cm away from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Give the location of the image and the magnification. Describe what happens as the needle is moved farther from the mirror.

What is the shape of the wavefront in the following case?

Light diverging from a point source.

What is the shape of the wavefront in the following case?

Light emerging out of a convex lens when a point source is placed at its focus.

What is the shape of the wavefront in the following case?

The portion of the wavefront of light from a distant star was intercepted by the Earth.

You have learnt in the text how Huygens’ principle leads to the laws of reflection and refraction. Use the same principle to deduce directly that a point object placed in front of a plane mirror produces a virtual image whose distance from the mirror is equal to the object distance from the mirror.

Find the maximum frequency of X-rays produced by 30 kV electrons.