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A 2 molal solution of sodium chloride in water causes an elevation in the boiling point of water by 1.88 K. What is the value of Van’t Hoff factor? What does it signify? [Kb = 0.52 K kg mol−1]
Concept: Van’t Hoff Factor
Which one of the following compounds is diamagnetic and colourless?
Concept: Properties of Solids: Magnetic Properties
Give a reason for the following:
Cu+2 salts are paramagnetic, while Cu+ salts are diamagnetic.
Concept: Properties of Solids: Magnetic Properties
The metal complex ion that is paramagnetic is ______.
(Atomic number of Fe = 26, Cu = 29, Co = 27 and Ni = 28)
Concept: Properties of Solids: Magnetic Properties
An aqueous solution containing 12.50 g of barium chloride in 1000 g of water boils at 373.0834 K. Calculate the degree of dissociation of barium chloride.
Given Kb for H2O = 0.52 K kg mol−1; molecular mass of BaCl2 = 208.34 g mol−1.
Concept: Dissociation and Association
According to De Morgan's law (a +b + c')' will be equal to ______.
Concept: DeMorgan’S Law/Theorem and Their Applications
The dual of (X' + 1) · (Y' + 0) = Y' is ______.
Concept: Basic Theorems of Boolean Algebra (Eg. Duality, Idempotence, Commutativity, Associativity, Distributivity, Operations with 0 and 1, Complements, Absorption, Involution)
The reduced expression of the Boolean function F(P, Q) = P' · + P · Q is ______.
Concept: Basic Theorems of Boolean Algebra (Eg. Duality, Idempotence, Commutativity, Associativity, Distributivity, Operations with 0 and 1, Complements, Absorption, Involution)
Verify if (A + A')' is a Tautology, Contradiction or a Contingency.
Concept: Truth Tables
Given the Boolean function F(A, B, C, D) = ∑(2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 15).
- Reduce the above expression by using 4- variable Karnaugh map, showing the various groups (i.e., octal, quads and pairs.
- Draw the logic gate diagram for the reduced expression. Assume that the variables and their complements are available as inputs.
Concept: Use of Karnaugh Map for Minimization of Boolean Expressions (Up to 4 Variables)
Give the Boolean function F(A, B, C, D,) π(0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 11, 14,15).
- Reduce the above expression by using 4-variable Karnaugh mpa, showing the various groups (i.e., octal quads and pairs)
- Draw the logic gate diagrams for the reduced expression. Assume that the variables and their complements are available as inputs.
Concept: Use of Karnaugh Map for Minimization of Boolean Expressions (Up to 4 Variables)
A shopping mall allows customers to shop using the cash or credit card of any nationalised bank. In awards bonus points to their customers on the basis of criteria given below:
- The customer is an employee of the shopping mall and makes the payment using a credit card.
OR - The customer shops items which carry bonus points and makes the payment using a credit card with a shopping amount of less than ₹10,000.
OR - The customer is not an employee of the shopping mall and makes the payment not through a credit card in cash for the shopping amount above ₹10,000/-
The inputs are:
| INPUTS | |
| C | Payment through a credit card. |
| A | Shopping amount in above ₹10,000 |
| E | The customer is an employee of the shopping mall. |
| I | Item carries a bonus point. |
(In all the above cases, 1 indicates yes and 0 indicates no.)
Output: X[1 indicates bonus point awarded, 0 indicates bonus point not awarded for all cases]
Draw the truth table for the inputs and outputs given above and write the POS expression for X(C, A, F, I).
Concept: Truth Tables
Verify the following expression by using the truth table:
(A ☉ B)' = A ⊕ B
Concept: Truth Tables
From the logic diagram given below, write the Boolean expression for (1) and (2). Also, derive the Boolean expression (F) and simplify it.

Concept: DeMorgan’S Law/Theorem and Their Applications
With reference to the code given below, answer the questions that follow along with dry run/working.boolean num(int x)
{ int a=1}
for (int c=x; c>0; c/<10}
a*=10;
return (x*x%a)=x;
}
- What will the function num() return when the value of x = 25?
- What is the method num() performing?
Concept: Basic Theorems of Boolean Algebra (Eg. Duality, Idempotence, Commutativity, Associativity, Distributivity, Operations with 0 and 1, Complements, Absorption, Involution)
Convert the following cardinal expression to its canonical form:
F(P, Q, R) = π(0, 1, 3, 4).
Concept: Reducing Boolean Expression (SOP and POS) to Its Minimal Form
According to the Principle of duality, the Boolean equation
(A+ B') • (A+ 1) =A+ B' will be equivalent to ______.
Concept: Basic Theorems of Boolean Algebra (Eg. Duality, Idempotence, Commutativity, Associativity, Distributivity, Operations with 0 and 1, Complements, Absorption, Involution)
Assertion: For proposition ∼A=> B, its contrapositive is B =>∼A
Reason: Contrapositive is the converse of inverse for any proposition.
Concept: Propositional Logic
The complement of the Boolean expression (P' • Q) (R • S') is ______.
Concept: Propositional Logic
Write the canonical SOP expression for F (A, B) = A <=> B.
Concept: Reducing Boolean Expression (SOP and POS) to Its Minimal Form
