Arts (English Medium) Class 12 - CBSE Important Questions

Analyse the 'low productivity' as a big problem of Indian agriculture. 

"There has been a significant increase in agricultural output and improvement in technology during the last 50 years in India." Examine the statement.

Assertion: High level of human development group has 53 countries.

Reason: A higher investment in people and good governance has set this group apart from others.

Consider the following statements and choose the correct answer with the help of given Option:

1. The resource intensive approach of modern expensive agriculture has become unmanageable for marginal and small farmers due to very meager or no saving to invest in agriculture.
2. Most of such farmers have resorted to availing credit from various institutions and money lenders but crop failures and low returns from agriculture have forced them to fall in the trap of indebtedness.

“The basic goal of development is to create conditions where the people can live a meaningful life.” What do you mean by meaningful life?

How do people’s choices get affected in different aspects of life due to lack of human development?

Describe the main characteristics of Intensive Subsistence Agriculture. In which parts of the world this type of agriculture is practiced?

Assertion: Mediterranean regions have been inhabited from early periods in history.

Reason: Plain areas are favorable for the production of crops and to build roads and industries.

"A declining availability of fresh water and increasing demand are the compelling reasons for conservation and effective management of water in India." Justify the statement.

"The available water resources in India are getting polluted with industrial agricultural and domestic effluents." Justify the statement. 

"Provision of irrigation makes multiple cropping possible in India." Justify the statement. 

"There is high demand of water for irrigation in agricultural sector in India." Justify the statement.

"There is low yield per acre but high yield per person in the interior parts of semi-arid lands of the mid-latitudes in the world." Support the statement with suitable examples from different parts of the world.

What are technopolies?

Give two examples of technopolies.

Distinguish between small-scale and large-scale manufacturing industries.

How are technological innovations important aspects of modern manufacturing industries? Explain any three aspects in this regard.

Explain the prominent features of Traditional Large Scale industrial regions.

‘Manufacturing Industry’

Manufacturing literally means ‘to make by hand’. However, now it includes goods ’made by machines’. It is essentially a process that involves transforming raw materials into finished goods of higher value for sale in local or distant markets. Conceptually, an industry is a geographically located manufacturing unit maintaining books of accounts and records under a management system. As the term industry is comprehensive, it is also used as synonymous with ‘manufacturing’. When one uses terms like ‘steel industry’ and ‘chemical industry’, one thinks of factories and processes. But there are many secondary activities which are not carried on in factories such as what is now called the ‘entertainment industry and ‘Tourism industry’, etc. So for clarity, the longer expression ‘manufacturing industry’ is used.

• What do you understand by the term Manufacturing?

‘Manufacturing Industry’

Manufacturing literally means ‘to make by hand’. However, now it includes goods ’made by machines’. It is essentially a process that involves transforming raw materials into finished goods of higher value for sale in local or distant markets. Conceptually, an industry is a geographically located manufacturing unit maintaining books of accounts and records under a management system. As the term industry is comprehensive, it is also used as synonymous with ‘manufacturing’. When one uses terms like ‘steel industry’ and ‘chemical industry’, one thinks of factories and processes. But there are many secondary activities which are not carried on in factories such as what is now called the ‘entertainment industry and ‘Tourism industry’, etc. So for clarity, the longer expression ‘manufacturing industry’ is used.

• “Manufacturing involves value addition.” Explain with any one suitable example.