Definitions [18]
Define with examples: Heterotrophs
The organisms which cannot prepare their own food and depends on ready-made food synthesized by green plants are called heterotrophs.
Examples - animals and human beings.
Define with examples: Carnivores
The organisms which feed upon other animals and animal products.
Examples - tiger, lion, cat, etc.
Define digestion.
It is the breaking down of complex insoluble food components into simple soluble substances.
Define with examples: Omnivores
The organisms which feed on all kinds of plant and animal food are called omnivores.
Examples - Cockroach and human beings.
Define with examples: Autotrophs
These are the organisms which prepare organic food in their body from simple inorganic materials like carbon dioxide, water, etc.
Example - green plants and certain protests.
Define with examples: Herbivores
The organisms that feed on plants only are termed as herbivores.
Examples - sheep, cow, goat, etc.
Define the following term:
Peristalsis
Peristalsis is the rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the muscles of the alimentary canal that pushes the food along the gut.
Define the following term :
Pylorus
Pylorus is the passage at the lower end of the stomach that opens into the duodenum.
Define the following term :
Omnivore
Omnivores are organisms that consume both plants and animals.
Define the following term:
Assimilation
Absorption of substances which are built into other compounds in the organisms.
Define the following term:
Kilocalorie
A kilocalorie is a unit of energy. It is the energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 Celsius.
Define the following term:
Egestion
Egestion — The process of removal of the undigested food from the body is defined as egestion.
Define the following term:
Digestion
Digestion — The process of breaking the food into smaller and simpler substances so that they can be easily used by the body is called digestion.
Define the term nutrition.
The process by which all organisms obtain or synthesize their food and convert it into simpler substances, so that it can be absorbed and utilized by the cells of the body is called nutrition.
Define the following term:
assimilation
Assimilation — The process of using the digested food by the body is called assimilation.
Define the term ‘digestion’.
The process of converting complex food substances into simpler and smaller units so that they can be easily utilised by the body is defined as digestion.
E.g. proteins are converted to amino acids.
Define homodont dentition.
Define transport.
Transport is the movement of people, animals and things from one place to another.
Key Points
- Digestion is the conversion of complex food into soluble forms that can be absorbed into the blood.
- The digestive system has two main components: the alimentary canal (mouth to anus) and associated digestive glands.
- The alimentary canal is a long muscular tube about 9 m in adults, including mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus.
- Salivary glands, liver and pancreas are accessory digestive glands that open into this canal and secrete juices needed for digestion.
- Different organs of the digestive system act in sequence; each stage of digestion occurs in a specific organ that performs a specialised mechanical or chemical role.
Important Questions [16]
- Distinguish Between: Autotrophic Nutrition and Heterotrophic Nutrition.
- All Animals and Fungi Are Autotrophs.
- Pancreas, Gall Bladder, Glomerulus, Liver
- Write Names of Different Parts of Human Digestive System and Explain Functions of Any Three Parts.
- Name Any Four Life Processes in Living Things.
- Carbohydrates Are Body Building Nutrients.
- Fill in the Blank and Rewrite the Completed Statement: Liver is the Largest Gland in the Body.
- Draw neat labelled diagram of the pancreas with their associated structures
- ________ is the Largest Gland in the Body.
- Draw a Well Labelled Diagram of the ‘Liver’.
- Give Scientific Reasons: Consuming Iodized Salt in Day to Day Diet is Essential
- The Loss of Water from the Plants is Known as ______
- Choose the Correct Alternative and Rewrite the Following:Which Gas is Released in Plants During the Process of Photosynthesis?
- Considering the Relationship in the First Pair, Complete the Second Pair: Root : Vegetative Propagation : : Flower : ____________
- The Process of Absorption of Water into Raisins Occurs Through Its Membranes. this Process is Known as ______________.
- Is Not Essential for Photosynthesis
