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Question
Write any four applications of buffer solution.
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Solution
Buffer solution finds extensive applications in a variety of fields. Some of its applications are given.
- In a biochemical system: pH of blood in our body is maintained at 7.36 - 7.42 due to \[\ce{(HCO^-3 + H2CO3)}\] buffer. A mere change of 0.2 pH units can cause death. The saline solution used for intravenous injection must contain a buffer system to maintain the proper pH of the blood.
- Agriculture: The soils get buffered due to the presence of salts such as carbonate, bicarbonate, phosphates, and organic acids. The choice of fertilizers depends upon the pH of the soil.
- Industry: Buffers play an important role in the paper, dye, ink, paint, and drug industries.
- Medicine: Penicillin preparations are stabilized by the addition of sodium citrate as a buffer. When citric acid is added to milk of magnesia (Mg(OH)2), magnesium citrate is formed, which is a buffer.
- Analytical chemistry: In qualitative analysis, a pH of 8 to 10 is required for precipitation of cations IIIA group. It is maintained with the use of (NH4OH + NH4Cl) buffer.
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