Question

Write a brief account of Flood Control Programmes in India.

Answer 1

1. Construction of Embankments and Dams:
   • Embankments are built along rivers to prevent overflow.
   • Multipurpose dams (like Bhakra Nangal, Hirakud, and Tehri) help control floods by storing excess rainwater.
2. Drainage Improvement Projects: Efforts are made to clear clogged drains and water channels, especially in flood-prone areas, to allow faster water flow.
3. Flood Forecasting and Warning Systems:
   • The Central Water Commission (CWC) operates a network of stations to monitor rivers and rainfall.
   • Early warning messages are sent out to reduce loss of life and property.
4. Watershed Management: Forests and catchment areas are protected and restored to reduce runoff and soil erosion, which helps reduce flood risks.
5. Desilting and River Training:
   • Removing silt from riverbeds increases their capacity to carry water.
   • Rivers are guided using channels and bunds to avoid flooding populated areas.