Question

With reference to Herzberg’s Two-factor Theory, explain the hygiene factors.

Answer 1

These are extrinsic factors linked to the work environment that help prevent dissatisfaction but do not necessarily motivate employees. They include:

• Salary: Adequate and competitive wages.
• Company Policies: Well-defined and fair organisational rules.
• Job Security: Assurance of continued and stable employment.
• Working Conditions: A safe, healthy, and comfortable workplace.
• Interpersonal Relations: Healthy relationships with supervisors, colleagues, and subordinates.

Hygiene factors are necessary to maintain a basic level of employee satisfaction, but they do not result in lasting motivation.