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Question
What is a bank reconciliation statement? Why is it prepared?
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Solution
Business organisations maintain the cash book for recording cash and bank transactions.
It shows the balance of both the accounts at the end of an accounting period.
Similarly, the bank also maintains an account for each customer in its book.
All deposits made by the customer are recorded on the credit side of the account and all withdrawals are recorded on the debit side of the account.
A copy of this is sent to the customer by the bank.
This is called passbook or bank statement.
This statement is used by the firm totally its bank transactions as recorded by the bank with the cash book.
The balance of the cash book must tally with that of the passbook.
But as both the books are maintained by two different parties, the bank balances as shown by the cash book and that shown by the passbook do not always match.
The entries in both the books are, thus, compared and the items because of which the difference has occurred are determined and rectified.
Thus, to reconcile the balances of the cash book and the passbook, a statement is prepared.
This statement is called the bank reconciliation statement.
Specimen of Bank Reconciliation Statement:
Format 1
| Bank Reconciliation Statement of XYZ as on ..... | |||
| Particulars | Amount ₹ | Amount ₹ | |
| Add | Balance as per cash book | XXX | |
| Cheque issued but not presented for payment | XXX | ||
| Bank interest | XXX | ||
| Direct deposit by a customer | XXX | XXX | |
| Less | Cheque deposited but not credited | XXX | XXX |
| Insurance premium paid | XXX | ||
| Bank charges | XXX | XXX | |
| Balance as per pass book | XXX | ||
Format 2
| Bank Reconciliation Statement of XYZ as on ..... | |||
| Particulars | (+) Amount ₹ |
(-) Amount ₹ |
|
| 1. | Balance as per cash book | XXXX | |
| 2. | Cheques deposited but not collected by the bank | XXX | |
| 3. | Bank charges not recorded in the cash book | XXX | |
| 4. | Cheques issued but not presented for payment | XXX | |
| 5. | Amount directly deposited in the bank | XXX | |
| 6. | Balance as per passbook | XXXX | |
| XXXX | XXXX | ||
RELATED QUESTIONS
Adjusting the cash book before preparing the bank reconciliation statement is compulsory.
From the following particulars prepare a bank reconciliation statement of Jayakumar as on 31st December, 2016.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 7,130
- Cheque deposited but not cleared ₹ 1,000
- A customer has deposited ₹ 800 into the bank directly.
From the following particulars of Kamakshi traders, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as on 31st March, 2018.
- Debit balance as per cash book ₹ 10,500
- Cheque deposited into bank amounting to ₹ 5,500 credited by bank, but entered twice in the cash book
- Cheques issued and presented for payment amounting to ₹ 7,000 omitted in the cash book
- Cheque book charges debited by the bank ₹ 200 not recorded in the cash book.
- Cash of ₹ 1,000 deposited by a customer of the business in cash deposit machine not recorded in the cash book.
From the following information, prepare bank reconciliation statement to find out the bank statement balance as on 31st December, 2017.
| Particulars | ₹ |
| 1. Balance as per cash book | 15,000 |
| 2. Cheques deposited but not yet credited | 1,000 |
| 3. Cheques issued and entered in the cash book before 31st December 2017 but not presented for payment until that date | 1,500 |
| 4. Dividend directly received by bank | 200 |
| 5. Direct payment made by bank for rent | 1,000 |
| 6. Locker rent charged by the bank not recorded in cash book | 1,200 |
| 7. Wrong debit given by the bank on 30th December 2017 | 500 |
| 8. A payment made through net banking has been entered twice in the cash book | 300 |
From the following information, prepare bank reconciliation statement as on 31st December, 2017 to find out the balance as per bank statement.
| Particulars | ₹ |
| (i) Bank overdraft as per cash book | 20,000 |
| (ii) Cheques deposited but not yet credited | 4,000 |
| (iii) Cheque issued but not yet presented for payment | 1,000 |
| (iv) Rent collected by the bank as per standing instruction | 500 |
| (v) Interest on overdraft debited by bank | 2,000 |
| (vi) Amount wrongly debited by bank | 300 |
| (vii) Cheque issued on 30th December 2017 dishonoured by the bank | 5,000 |
| (viii) A customer’s cheque deposited in the bank dishonoured by bank not recorded in the cash book | 2,000 |
Prepare bank reconciliation statement from the following data and find out the balance as per cash book as on 31st March, 2018.
| Particulars | ₹ |
| (i) Bank balance as per bank statement | 15,000 |
| (ii) Cheques issued but not yet presented for payment | 2,500 |
| (iii) Bank charges not recorded in the cash book | 250 |
| (iv) Interest charged by bank not recorded in the cash book | 500 |
| (v) Bank paid insurance premium as per standing instruction but not recorded in the cash book | 300 |
| (vi) Cheques deposited but not yet credited | 900 |
From the following particulars of Raja traders, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as on 31st January, 2018.
- Balance as per bank statement ₹ 5,000
- Cheques amounting to ₹ 800 had been recorded in the cash book as having been deposited into the bank on 25th January 2018, but were entered in the bank statement on 2nd February 2018.
- Amount received by bank through NEFT amounting to ₹ 3,000, omitted in the cash book.
- Two cheques issued for ₹ 3,000 and ₹ 2,000 on 29th March 2018. Only the first cheque is presented for payment.
- Insurance premium on motor vehicles for ₹ 1,000 paid by the bank as per standing instruction not recorded in the cash book.
- Credit side of cash book was undercast by ₹ 700
- Subsidy received directly by the bank from the state government amounting to ₹ 10,000, not entered in cash book.
From the following particulars of Simon traders, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as on 31st March, 2018.
- Debit balance as per bank statement ₹ 2,500
- Cheques deposited amounting to ₹ 10,000, not yet credited by bank.
- Payment through net banking for ₹ 2,000, omitted in the cash book
Prepare bank reconciliation statement as on 31st March, 2017 from the following extracts of cash book and bank statement.
| Dr. | Cash book (Bank column only) | Cr. | |||
| Date | Receipts | Amount ₹ | Date | Payments | Amount ₹ |
| 2017 March |
2017 March |
||||
| 1 | To Balance b/d | 9,000 | 4 | By Drawings | 1,700 |
| 3 | To Ram | 2,200 | 8 | By Sumi | 3,300 |
| 9 | To Prem | 1,500 | 12 | By Salary | 2,800 |
| 16 | To Pavithra | 3,400 | 16 | By Kayal | 1,700 |
| 23 | To Devi | 2,600 | 18 | By Pooja | 4,200 |
| 27 | To Mani | 1,100 | 26 | By Sam | 2,000 |
| 30 | To Shankar | 350 | 28 | By Raheem | 1,100 |
| 30 | By Rent | 1,100 | |||
| 30 | By Balance c/d | 2,250 | |||
| 20,150 | 20,150 | ||||
| Date | Particulars | Dr. Withdrawals ₹ |
Cr. Deposits ₹ |
Balance Dr./Cr. |
| 2017 March |
||||
| 1 | By balance b/d | 9,000 Cr. | ||
| 4 | To cheque- drawings | 8,300 Cr. | ||
| 5 | By cheque- Ram | 700 | 2,200 | 10,500 Cr. |
| 9 | To cheque – Sumi | 7,200 Cr. | ||
| 11 | By cheque- Prem | 3,500 | 1,500 | 8,700 Cr. |
| 12 | To cheque – Salary | 5,900 Cr. | ||
| 17 | To cheque – Kayal | 2,800 | 4,200 Cr. | |
| 20 | By cheque- Devi | 1,700 | 2,600 | 6,800 Cr. |
| 30 | By interest received | 900 | 7,700 Cr. | |
| 30 | To bank charges | 15 | 7,685 Cr. |
Briefly explain the term favourable balance as per cash book
Balance as per passbook of Mr. Kumar is 3,000.
(a) Cheque paid into bank but not yet cleared
Ram Kumar ₹1,000
Kishore Kumar ₹ 500
(b) Bank Charges ₹ 300
(c) Cheque issued but not presented
Hameed ₹ 2,000
Kapoor ₹ 500
(d) Interest entered in the passbook but not entered in the cash book ₹ 100.
Prepare a bank reconciliation statement.
The passbook of Mr. Mohit current account showed a credit Balance of ₹ 20,000 on dated December 31, 2016. Prepare a Bank Reconciliation Statement with the following information.
(i) A cheque of ₹ 400 drawn on his saving account has been shown on current account.
(ii) He issued two cheques of ₹ 300 and ₹ 500 on of December 25, but only the 1st cheque was presented for payment.
(iii) One cheque issued by Mr. Mohit of ₹ 500 on December 25, but it was not presented for payment whereas it was recorded twice in the cash book.
On 1st January 2017, Rakesh had an overdraft of ₹ 8,000 as showed by his cash book. Cheques amounting to ₹ 2,000 had been paid in by him but were not collected by the bank by January 01, 2017. He issued cheques of ₹ 800 which were not presented to the bank for payment up to that day. There was a debit in his passbook of ₹ 60 for interest and ₹ 100 for bank charges.
Prepare bank reconciliation statement for comparing both the balance.
Prepare bank reconciliation statement.
(i) Overdraft shown as per cash book on December 31, 2017 ₹ 10,000.
(ii) Bank charges for the above period also debited in the passbook ₹ 100.
(iii) Interest on overdraft for six months ending December 31, 2017 ₹ 380 debited in the passbook.
(iv) Cheques issued but not encashed prior to December 31, 2017 amounted to ₹ 2,150.
(v) Interest on Investment collected by the bank and credited in the passbook ₹ 600.
(vi) Cheques paid into bank but not cleared before December, 31 2017 were ₹ 1,100.
On December 31, 2017, the cash book of Mittal Bros showed an overdraft of ₹ 6,920. From the following particulars prepare a Bank Reconciliation Statement and ascertain the balance as per passbook.
- Debited by bank for ₹ 200 on account of interest on overdraft and ₹ 50 on account of charges for collecting bills.
- Cheques drawn but not encashed before December, 31 2017 for ₹ 4,000.
- The bank has collected interest and has credited ₹ 600 in passbook.
- A bill receivable for ₹ 700 previously discounted with the bank had been dishonoured and debited in the passbook.
- Cheques paid into bank but not collected and credited before December 31, 2017 amounted ₹ 6,000.
Prepare bank reconciliation statement of Shri Bhandari as on March 31, 2017.
- The payment of a cheque for ₹ 550 was recorded twice in the passbook.
- Withdrawal column of the passbook undercast by ₹ 200.
- A cheque of ₹ 200 has been debited in the bank column of the Cash Book but it was not sent to bank at all.
- A cheque of ₹ 300 debited to bank column of the cash book was not sent to the bank.
- ₹ 500 in respect of dishonoured cheque were entered in the passbook but not in the cash book. Overdraft as per passbook is ₹ 20,000.
Overdraft shown by the passbook of Mr. Murli is ₹ 20,000. Prepare bank reconciliation statement on dated March 31, 2017.
(i) Bank charges debited as per passbook ₹ 500.
(ii) Cheques recorded in the cash book but not sent to the bank for collection ₹ 2,500.
(iii) Received a payment directly from customer ₹ 4,600.
(iv) Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 6,980.
(v) Interest credited by the bank ₹ 100.
(vi) LIC paid by bank ₹ 2,500.
(vii) Cheques deposited with the bank but not collected ₹ 3,500.
Correct and rewrite the following statement:
When extracts are given for common period only common items are to be considered.
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200.
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800.
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000.
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
From the following particulars, prepare the Bank Reconciliation Statement as of 30th June 2019.
- Credit balance as per Pass Book ₹ 20,000.
- A cheque for ₹ 3,500 was issued and paid by the bank, recorded in the Pass Book as ₹ 5,300.
- The cheque deposited ₹ 9,700 collected by the bank was not recorded in the Cash Book.
- The payment side of the Cash Book was undercast by ₹ 100.
- The electricity bill paid by the bank ₹ 6,200, was recorded twice in the Pass Book.
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200.
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800.
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000.
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
From the following particulars prepare Bank Reconciliation Statement as on 30th June 2019.
- Credit balance as per Pass Book ₹ 20,000.
- A cheque for ₹ 3,500 was issued and paid by bank, recorded in Pass Book as ₹ 5,300.
- Cheque deposited ₹ 9,700 collected by bank was not recorded in Cash Book.
- Payment side of Cash Book was undercast by ₹ 100.
- Electricity bill paid by bank ₹ 6,200 was recorded twice in Pass Book.
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200.
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800.
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000.
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹3,200.
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹1,800.
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹2,000.
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹150.
From the following particulars prepare Bank Reconciliation Statement as on 30th June 2019.
- Credit balance as per Pass Book ₹20,000.
- A cheque for ₹ 3,500 was issued and paid by bank, recorded in Pass Book as ₹ 5,300.
- Cheque deposited ₹ 9,700 collected by bank was not recorded in Cash Book.
- Payment side of Cash Book was undercast by ₹100.
- Electricity bill paid by bank ₹ 6,200 was recorded twice in Pass Book.
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200.
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800.
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000.
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
From the following particulars prepare Bank Reconciliation Statement as on 30th June 2019.
Credit balance as per Pass Book ₹ 20,000.
- A cheque for ₹ 3,500 was issued and paid by bank, recorded in Pass Book as ₹ 5,300.
- Cheque deposited ₹ 9,700 collected by the bank was not recorded in Cash Book.
- Payment side of Cash Book was undercast by ₹ 100.
- Electricity bill paid by bank ₹ 6,200 was recorded twice in Pass Book.
