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प्रश्न
What is a bank reconciliation statement? Why is it prepared?
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उत्तर
Business organisations maintain the cash book for recording cash and bank transactions.
It shows the balance of both the accounts at the end of an accounting period.
Similarly, the bank also maintains an account for each customer in its book.
All deposits made by the customer are recorded on the credit side of the account and all withdrawals are recorded on the debit side of the account.
A copy of this is sent to the customer by the bank.
This is called passbook or bank statement.
This statement is used by the firm totally its bank transactions as recorded by the bank with the cash book.
The balance of the cash book must tally with that of the passbook.
But as both the books are maintained by two different parties, the bank balances as shown by the cash book and that shown by the passbook do not always match.
The entries in both the books are, thus, compared and the items because of which the difference has occurred are determined and rectified.
Thus, to reconcile the balances of the cash book and the passbook, a statement is prepared.
This statement is called the bank reconciliation statement.
Specimen of Bank Reconciliation Statement:
Format 1
| Bank Reconciliation Statement of XYZ as on ..... | |||
| Particulars | Amount ₹ | Amount ₹ | |
| Add | Balance as per cash book | XXX | |
| Cheque issued but not presented for payment | XXX | ||
| Bank interest | XXX | ||
| Direct deposit by a customer | XXX | XXX | |
| Less | Cheque deposited but not credited | XXX | XXX |
| Insurance premium paid | XXX | ||
| Bank charges | XXX | XXX | |
| Balance as per pass book | XXX | ||
Format 2
| Bank Reconciliation Statement of XYZ as on ..... | |||
| Particulars | (+) Amount ₹ |
(-) Amount ₹ |
|
| 1. | Balance as per cash book | XXXX | |
| 2. | Cheques deposited but not collected by the bank | XXX | |
| 3. | Bank charges not recorded in the cash book | XXX | |
| 4. | Cheques issued but not presented for payment | XXX | |
| 5. | Amount directly deposited in the bank | XXX | |
| 6. | Balance as per passbook | XXXX | |
| XXXX | XXXX | ||
संबंधित प्रश्न
Select the most appropriate alternative from those given and rewrite the following statement:
Debiting an entry in Cash Book ___________ cash balance.
Adjusting the cash book before preparing the bank reconciliation statement is compulsory.
From the following information, prepare bank reconciliation statement to find out the bank statement balance as on 31st December, 2017.
| Particulars | ₹ |
| 1. Balance as per cash book | 15,000 |
| 2. Cheques deposited but not yet credited | 1,000 |
| 3. Cheques issued and entered in the cash book before 31st December 2017 but not presented for payment until that date | 1,500 |
| 4. Dividend directly received by bank | 200 |
| 5. Direct payment made by bank for rent | 1,000 |
| 6. Locker rent charged by the bank not recorded in cash book | 1,200 |
| 7. Wrong debit given by the bank on 30th December 2017 | 500 |
| 8. A payment made through net banking has been entered twice in the cash book | 300 |
Prepare bank reconciliation statement from the following data and find out the balance as per cash book as on 31st March, 2018.
| Particulars | ₹ |
| (i) Bank balance as per bank statement | 15,000 |
| (ii) Cheques issued but not yet presented for payment | 2,500 |
| (iii) Bank charges not recorded in the cash book | 250 |
| (iv) Interest charged by bank not recorded in the cash book | 500 |
| (v) Bank paid insurance premium as per standing instruction but not recorded in the cash book | 300 |
| (vi) Cheques deposited but not yet credited | 900 |
From the following particulars of Raja traders, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as on 31st January, 2018.
- Balance as per bank statement ₹ 5,000
- Cheques amounting to ₹ 800 had been recorded in the cash book as having been deposited into the bank on 25th January 2018, but were entered in the bank statement on 2nd February 2018.
- Amount received by bank through NEFT amounting to ₹ 3,000, omitted in the cash book.
- Two cheques issued for ₹ 3,000 and ₹ 2,000 on 29th March 2018. Only the first cheque is presented for payment.
- Insurance premium on motor vehicles for ₹ 1,000 paid by the bank as per standing instruction not recorded in the cash book.
- Credit side of cash book was undercast by ₹ 700
- Subsidy received directly by the bank from the state government amounting to ₹ 10,000, not entered in cash book.
From the following particulars, ascertain the cash book balance as on 31st December, 2016.
- Overdraft balance as per bank statement ₹ 1,26,640
- Interest on overdraft entered in the bank statement, but not yet recorded in cash book ₹ 3,200
- Bank charges entered in bank statement, but not found in cash book ₹ 600
- Cheques issued, but not yet presented for payment ₹ 23,360
- Cheques deposited into the bank but not yet credited ₹ 43,400
- Interest on investment collected by the bank ₹ 24,000
Briefly explain the term favourable balance as per cash book
Explain the process of preparing bank reconciliation statement with amended cash balance
From the following particulars, prepare a, bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
(i) Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200.
(ii) Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800.
(iii) Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2017 ₹ 2,000.
(iv) Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
The cash book shows a bank balance of ₹ 7,800. On comparing the cash book with passbook the following discrepancies were noted:
- Cheque deposited in bank but not credited ₹ 3,000.
- Cheque issued but not yet present for payment ₹ 1,500.
- Insurance premium paid by the bank ₹ 2,000.
- Bank interest credit by the bank ₹ 400.
- Bank charges ₹ 100.
- Directly deposited by a customer ₹ 4,000.
On comparing the cash book with passbook of Naman it is found that on March 31, 2014, bank balance of ₹ 40,960 showed by the cash book differs from the bank balance with regard to the following:
(a) Bank charges ₹ 100 on March 31, 2017, are not entered in the cash book.
(b) On March 21, 2017, a debtor paid ₹ 2,000 into the company’s bank in settlement of his account, but no entry was made in the cash book of the company in respect of this.
(c) Cheques totaling ₹ 12,980 were issued by the company and duly recorded in the cash book before March 31, 2017, but had not been presented at the bank for payment until after that date.
(d) A bill for ₹ 6,900 discounted with the bank is entered in the cash book with recording the discount charge of ₹ 800.
(e) ₹ 3,520 is entered in the cash book as paid into bank on March 31st, 2017, but not credited by the bank until the following day.
(f) No entry has been made in the cash book to record the dishonor on March 15, 2017 of a cheque for ₹ 650 received from Bhanu.
Prepare a reconciliation statement as on March 31, 2017.
From the following particulars prepare a bank reconciliation statement showing the balance as per cash book on December 31, 2016.
(a) Two cheques of ₹ 2,000 and ₹ 5,000 were paid into bank in October, 2016 but were not credited by the bank in the month of December.
(b) A cheque of ₹ 800 which was received from a customer was entered in the bank column of the cash book in December 2016 but was omitted to be banked in December, 2016.
(c) Cheques for ₹ 10,000 were issued into bank in November 2016 but not credited by the bank on December 31, 2016.
(d) Interest on investment ₹ 1,000 collected by bank appeared in the passbook.
Balance as per Passbook was ₹ 50,000.
Balance as per passbook of Mr. Kumar is 3,000.
(a) Cheque paid into bank but not yet cleared
Ram Kumar ₹1,000
Kishore Kumar ₹ 500
(b) Bank Charges ₹ 300
(c) Cheque issued but not presented
Hameed ₹ 2,000
Kapoor ₹ 500
(d) Interest entered in the passbook but not entered in the cash book ₹ 100.
Prepare a bank reconciliation statement.
The passbook of Mr. Mohit current account showed a credit Balance of ₹ 20,000 on dated December 31, 2016. Prepare a Bank Reconciliation Statement with the following information.
(i) A cheque of ₹ 400 drawn on his saving account has been shown on current account.
(ii) He issued two cheques of ₹ 300 and ₹ 500 on of December 25, but only the 1st cheque was presented for payment.
(iii) One cheque issued by Mr. Mohit of ₹ 500 on December 25, but it was not presented for payment whereas it was recorded twice in the cash book.
Prepare bank reconciliation statement.
(i) Overdraft shown as per cash book on December 31, 2017 ₹ 10,000.
(ii) Bank charges for the above period also debited in the passbook ₹ 100.
(iii) Interest on overdraft for six months ending December 31, 2017 ₹ 380 debited in the passbook.
(iv) Cheques issued but not encashed prior to December 31, 2017 amounted to ₹ 2,150.
(v) Interest on Investment collected by the bank and credited in the passbook ₹ 600.
(vi) Cheques paid into bank but not cleared before December, 31 2017 were ₹ 1,100.
Prepare bank reconciliation statement of Shri Bhandari as on March 31, 2017.
- The payment of a cheque for ₹ 550 was recorded twice in the passbook.
- Withdrawal column of the passbook undercast by ₹ 200.
- A cheque of ₹ 200 has been debited in the bank column of the Cash Book but it was not sent to bank at all.
- A cheque of ₹ 300 debited to bank column of the cash book was not sent to the bank.
- ₹ 500 in respect of dishonoured cheque were entered in the passbook but not in the cash book. Overdraft as per passbook is ₹ 20,000.
Raghav and Co. have two bank accounts. Account No. I and Account No. II. From the following particulars relating to Account No. I, find out the balance on that account of March 31, 2017 according to the cash book of the firm.
- Cheques paid into bank prior to March 31, 2017, but not credited for ₹ 10,000.
- Transfer of funds from account No. II to account no. I recorded by the bank on
- March 31, 2017 but entered in the cash book after that date for ₹ 8,000.
- Cheques issued prior to March 31, 2017 but not presented until after that date for ₹ 7,429.
- Bank charges debited by bank not entered in the cash book for ₹ 200.
- Interest debited by the bank not entered in the cash book ₹ 580.
- Overdraft as per Passbook ₹ 18,990.
Prepare a bank reconciliation statement from the following particulars and show the balance as per cash book.
(i) Balance as per passbook on March 31, 2017 overdrawn ₹ 20,000.
(ii) Interest on bank overdraft not entered in the cash book ₹ 2,000.
(iii) ₹ 200 insurance premium paid by bank has not been entered in the cash book.
(iv) Cheques drawn in the last week of March, 2017, but not cleared till date for ₹ 3,000 and ₹ 3,500.
(v) Cheques deposited into bank on February, 2017, but yet to be credited on dated March 31, 2017 ₹ 6,000.
(vi) Wrongly debited by bank ₹ 500.
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200.
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800.
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000.
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200.
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800 Cheque deposited but not collected up to March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000.
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
From the following particulars, prepare the Bank Reconciliation Statement as of 30th June 2019.
- Credit balance as per Pass Book ₹ 20,000.
- A cheque for ₹ 3,500 was issued and paid by the bank, recorded in the Pass Book as ₹ 5,300.
- The cheque deposited ₹ 9,700 collected by the bank was not recorded in the Cash Book.
- The payment side of the Cash Book was undercast by ₹ 100.
- The electricity bill paid by the bank ₹ 6,200, was recorded twice in the Pass Book.
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200 .
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800.
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000.
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200.
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800.
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000.
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
Rectify the following errors:
- Credit sales to Mohan Rs 7,000 were not recorded.
- Credit purchases from Rohan Rs 9,000 were not recorded.
- Goods returned to Rakesh Rs 4,000 were not recorded.
- Goods returned from Mahesh Rs 1,000 were not recorded.
From the following particulars prepare Bank Reconciliation Statement as on 30th June 2019.
- Credit balance as per Pass Book ₹ 20,000.
- A cheque for ₹ 3,500 was issued and paid by bank, recorded in Pass Book as ₹ 5,300.
- Cheque deposited ₹ 9,700 collected by bank was not recorded in Cash Book.
- Payment side of Cash Book was undercast by ₹ 100.
- Electricity bill paid by bank ₹ 6,200 was recorded twice in Pass Book.
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200.
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800.
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000.
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
