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प्रश्न
What is a bank reconciliation statement? Why is it prepared?
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उत्तर
Business organisations maintain the cash book for recording cash and bank transactions.
It shows the balance of both the accounts at the end of an accounting period.
Similarly, the bank also maintains an account for each customer in its book.
All deposits made by the customer are recorded on the credit side of the account and all withdrawals are recorded on the debit side of the account.
A copy of this is sent to the customer by the bank.
This is called passbook or bank statement.
This statement is used by the firm totally its bank transactions as recorded by the bank with the cash book.
The balance of the cash book must tally with that of the passbook.
But as both the books are maintained by two different parties, the bank balances as shown by the cash book and that shown by the passbook do not always match.
The entries in both the books are, thus, compared and the items because of which the difference has occurred are determined and rectified.
Thus, to reconcile the balances of the cash book and the passbook, a statement is prepared.
This statement is called the bank reconciliation statement.
Specimen of Bank Reconciliation Statement:
Format 1
| Bank Reconciliation Statement of XYZ as on ..... | |||
| Particulars | Amount ₹ | Amount ₹ | |
| Add | Balance as per cash book | XXX | |
| Cheque issued but not presented for payment | XXX | ||
| Bank interest | XXX | ||
| Direct deposit by a customer | XXX | XXX | |
| Less | Cheque deposited but not credited | XXX | XXX |
| Insurance premium paid | XXX | ||
| Bank charges | XXX | XXX | |
| Balance as per pass book | XXX | ||
Format 2
| Bank Reconciliation Statement of XYZ as on ..... | |||
| Particulars | (+) Amount ₹ |
(-) Amount ₹ |
|
| 1. | Balance as per cash book | XXXX | |
| 2. | Cheques deposited but not collected by the bank | XXX | |
| 3. | Bank charges not recorded in the cash book | XXX | |
| 4. | Cheques issued but not presented for payment | XXX | |
| 5. | Amount directly deposited in the bank | XXX | |
| 6. | Balance as per passbook | XXXX | |
| XXXX | XXXX | ||
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Adjusting the cash book before preparing the bank reconciliation statement is compulsory.
From the following particulars of Raheem traders, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as on 31st March, 2018.
- Overdraft as per cash book ₹ 2,500. On the same day the balance as per bank statement is ₹ 1,99,000.
- Interest on debentures of ₹ 700 was received by the bank directly.
- Amount received by bank through RTGS amounting to ₹ 2,00,000, omitted in the cash book.
- Two cheques issued for ₹ 1,800 and ₹ 2,000 on 29th March 2018. Only the second cheque is presented for payment.
- Insurance premium on car for ₹ 1,000 paid by the bank as per standing instruction not recorded in the cash book.
From the following information, prepare bank reconciliation statement as on 31st December, 2017 to find out the balance as per bank statement.
| Particulars | ₹ |
| (i) Bank overdraft as per cash book | 20,000 |
| (ii) Cheques deposited but not yet credited | 4,000 |
| (iii) Cheque issued but not yet presented for payment | 1,000 |
| (iv) Rent collected by the bank as per standing instruction | 500 |
| (v) Interest on overdraft debited by bank | 2,000 |
| (vi) Amount wrongly debited by bank | 300 |
| (vii) Cheque issued on 30th December 2017 dishonoured by the bank | 5,000 |
| (viii) A customer’s cheque deposited in the bank dishonoured by bank not recorded in the cash book | 2,000 |
From the following particulars of Raja traders, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as on 31st January, 2018.
- Balance as per bank statement ₹ 5,000
- Cheques amounting to ₹ 800 had been recorded in the cash book as having been deposited into the bank on 25th January 2018, but were entered in the bank statement on 2nd February 2018.
- Amount received by bank through NEFT amounting to ₹ 3,000, omitted in the cash book.
- Two cheques issued for ₹ 3,000 and ₹ 2,000 on 29th March 2018. Only the first cheque is presented for payment.
- Insurance premium on motor vehicles for ₹ 1,000 paid by the bank as per standing instruction not recorded in the cash book.
- Credit side of cash book was undercast by ₹ 700
- Subsidy received directly by the bank from the state government amounting to ₹ 10,000, not entered in cash book.
From the following particulars, ascertain the cash book balance as on 31st December, 2016.
- Overdraft balance as per bank statement ₹ 1,26,640
- Interest on overdraft entered in the bank statement, but not yet recorded in cash book ₹ 3,200
- Bank charges entered in bank statement, but not found in cash book ₹ 600
- Cheques issued, but not yet presented for payment ₹ 23,360
- Cheques deposited into the bank but not yet credited ₹ 43,400
- Interest on investment collected by the bank ₹ 24,000
Prepare bank reconciliation statement as on 31st March, 2017 from the following extracts of cash book and bank statement.
| Dr. | Cash book (Bank column only) | Cr. | |||
| Date | Receipts | Amount ₹ | Date | Payments | Amount ₹ |
| 2017 March |
2017 March |
||||
| 1 | To Balance b/d | 9,000 | 4 | By Drawings | 1,700 |
| 3 | To Ram | 2,200 | 8 | By Sumi | 3,300 |
| 9 | To Prem | 1,500 | 12 | By Salary | 2,800 |
| 16 | To Pavithra | 3,400 | 16 | By Kayal | 1,700 |
| 23 | To Devi | 2,600 | 18 | By Pooja | 4,200 |
| 27 | To Mani | 1,100 | 26 | By Sam | 2,000 |
| 30 | To Shankar | 350 | 28 | By Raheem | 1,100 |
| 30 | By Rent | 1,100 | |||
| 30 | By Balance c/d | 2,250 | |||
| 20,150 | 20,150 | ||||
| Date | Particulars | Dr. Withdrawals ₹ |
Cr. Deposits ₹ |
Balance Dr./Cr. |
| 2017 March |
||||
| 1 | By balance b/d | 9,000 Cr. | ||
| 4 | To cheque- drawings | 8,300 Cr. | ||
| 5 | By cheque- Ram | 700 | 2,200 | 10,500 Cr. |
| 9 | To cheque – Sumi | 7,200 Cr. | ||
| 11 | By cheque- Prem | 3,500 | 1,500 | 8,700 Cr. |
| 12 | To cheque – Salary | 5,900 Cr. | ||
| 17 | To cheque – Kayal | 2,800 | 4,200 Cr. | |
| 20 | By cheque- Devi | 1,700 | 2,600 | 6,800 Cr. |
| 30 | By interest received | 900 | 7,700 Cr. | |
| 30 | To bank charges | 15 | 7,685 Cr. |
Briefly explain the term favourable balance as per cash book
Enumerate the steps to ascertain the correct cash book balance
Explain the process of preparing bank reconciliation statement with amended cash balance
From the following particulars, prepare a, bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
(i) Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200.
(ii) Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800.
(iii) Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2017 ₹ 2,000.
(iv) Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
The cash book shows a bank balance of ₹ 7,800. On comparing the cash book with passbook the following discrepancies were noted:
- Cheque deposited in bank but not credited ₹ 3,000.
- Cheque issued but not yet present for payment ₹ 1,500.
- Insurance premium paid by the bank ₹ 2,000.
- Bank interest credit by the bank ₹ 400.
- Bank charges ₹ 100.
- Directly deposited by a customer ₹ 4,000.
Bank balance of ₹ 40,000 showed by the cash book of Atul on December 31, 2016. It was found that three cheques of ₹ 2,000, ₹ 5,000 and ₹ 8,000 deposited during the month of December were not credited in the passbook till January 02, 2017. Two cheques of ₹ 7,000 and ₹ 8,000 issued on December 28 were not presented for payment till January 03, 2017. In addition to it bank had credited ₹ 325 as interest and had debited him with ₹ 50 as bank charges for which there were no corresponding entries in the cash book.
Prepare a bank reconciliation statement as on December 31, 2016.
On comparing the cash book with passbook of Naman it is found that on March 31, 2014, bank balance of ₹ 40,960 showed by the cash book differs from the bank balance with regard to the following:
(a) Bank charges ₹ 100 on March 31, 2017, are not entered in the cash book.
(b) On March 21, 2017, a debtor paid ₹ 2,000 into the company’s bank in settlement of his account, but no entry was made in the cash book of the company in respect of this.
(c) Cheques totaling ₹ 12,980 were issued by the company and duly recorded in the cash book before March 31, 2017, but had not been presented at the bank for payment until after that date.
(d) A bill for ₹ 6,900 discounted with the bank is entered in the cash book with recording the discount charge of ₹ 800.
(e) ₹ 3,520 is entered in the cash book as paid into bank on March 31st, 2017, but not credited by the bank until the following day.
(f) No entry has been made in the cash book to record the dishonor on March 15, 2017 of a cheque for ₹ 650 received from Bhanu.
Prepare a reconciliation statement as on March 31, 2017.
Prepare bank reconciliation statement as on December 31, 2017. This day the passbook of Mr. Himanshu showed a balance of ₹ 7,000.
- Cheques of ₹ 1,000 directly deposited by a customer.
- The bank has credited Mr. Himanshu for ₹ 700 as interest.
- Cheques for ₹ 3,000 were issued during the month of
December but of these cheques for ₹ 1,000 were not presented during the month of December.
Balance as per passbook of Mr. Kumar is 3,000.
(a) Cheque paid into bank but not yet cleared
Ram Kumar ₹1,000
Kishore Kumar ₹ 500
(b) Bank Charges ₹ 300
(c) Cheque issued but not presented
Hameed ₹ 2,000
Kapoor ₹ 500
(d) Interest entered in the passbook but not entered in the cash book ₹ 100.
Prepare a bank reconciliation statement.
Prepare bank reconciliation statement.
(i) Overdraft shown as per cash book on December 31, 2017 ₹ 10,000.
(ii) Bank charges for the above period also debited in the passbook ₹ 100.
(iii) Interest on overdraft for six months ending December 31, 2017 ₹ 380 debited in the passbook.
(iv) Cheques issued but not encashed prior to December 31, 2017 amounted to ₹ 2,150.
(v) Interest on Investment collected by the bank and credited in the passbook ₹ 600.
(vi) Cheques paid into bank but not cleared before December, 31 2017 were ₹ 1,100.
Kumar find that the bank balance shown by his cash book on December 31, 2017 is ₹ 90,600 (Credit) but the passbook shows a difference due to the following reason:
A cheque (post-dated) for ₹ 1,000 has been debited in the bank column of the cash book but not presented for payment. Also, a cheque for ₹ 8,000 drawn in favour of Manohar has not yet been presented for payment. Cheques totaling ₹ 1,500 deposited in the bank have not yet been collected and cheque for ₹ 5,000 has been dishonored
Overdraft shown by the passbook of Mr. Murli is ₹ 20,000. Prepare bank reconciliation statement on dated March 31, 2017.
(i) Bank charges debited as per passbook ₹ 500.
(ii) Cheques recorded in the cash book but not sent to the bank for collection ₹ 2,500.
(iii) Received a payment directly from customer ₹ 4,600.
(iv) Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 6,980.
(v) Interest credited by the bank ₹ 100.
(vi) LIC paid by bank ₹ 2,500.
(vii) Cheques deposited with the bank but not collected ₹ 3,500.
Raghav and Co. have two bank accounts. Account No. I and Account No. II. From the following particulars relating to Account No. I, find out the balance on that account of March 31, 2017 according to the cash book of the firm.
- Cheques paid into bank prior to March 31, 2017, but not credited for ₹ 10,000.
- Transfer of funds from account No. II to account no. I recorded by the bank on
- March 31, 2017 but entered in the cash book after that date for ₹ 8,000.
- Cheques issued prior to March 31, 2017 but not presented until after that date for ₹ 7,429.
- Bank charges debited by bank not entered in the cash book for ₹ 200.
- Interest debited by the bank not entered in the cash book ₹ 580.
- Overdraft as per Passbook ₹ 18,990.
Prepare a bank reconciliation statement from the following particulars and show the balance as per cash book.
(i) Balance as per passbook on March 31, 2017 overdrawn ₹ 20,000.
(ii) Interest on bank overdraft not entered in the cash book ₹ 2,000.
(iii) ₹ 200 insurance premium paid by bank has not been entered in the cash book.
(iv) Cheques drawn in the last week of March, 2017, but not cleared till date for ₹ 3,000 and ₹ 3,500.
(v) Cheques deposited into bank on February, 2017, but yet to be credited on dated March 31, 2017 ₹ 6,000.
(vi) Wrongly debited by bank ₹ 500.
The passbook of Mr. Randhir showed an overdraft of ₹ 40,950 on March 31, 2017.
Prepare bank reconciliation statement on March 31, 2017.
(i) Out of cheques amounting to ₹ 8,000 drawn by Mr. Randhir on March 27, a cheque for ₹ 3,000 was encashed on April 2017.
(ii) Credited by bank with ₹ 3,800 for interest collected by them, but the amount is not entered in the cash book.
(iii) ₹ 10,900 paid in by Mr. Randhir in cash and by cheques on March, 31 cheques amounting to ₹ 3,800 were collected on April, 07.
(iv) A Cheque of ₹ 780 credited in the passbook on March 28 being dishonoured is debited again in the passbook on April 01, 2017. There was no entry in the cash book about the dishonour of the cheque until April 15.
Correct and rewrite the following statement:
When extracts are given for common period only common items are to be considered.
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200.
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800.
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000.
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200.
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800 Cheque deposited but not collected up to March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000.
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
From the following particulars, prepare the Bank Reconciliation Statement as of 30th June 2019.
- Credit balance as per Pass Book ₹ 20,000.
- A cheque for ₹ 3,500 was issued and paid by the bank, recorded in the Pass Book as ₹ 5,300.
- The cheque deposited ₹ 9,700 collected by the bank was not recorded in the Cash Book.
- The payment side of the Cash Book was undercast by ₹ 100.
- The electricity bill paid by the bank ₹ 6,200, was recorded twice in the Pass Book.
From the following particulars prepare Bank Reconciliation Statement as on 30th June 2019.
- Credit balance as per Pass Book ₹ 20,000.
- A cheque for ₹ 3,500 was issued and paid by the bank, recorded in the Pass Book as ₹ 5,300.
- The cheque deposited ₹ 9,700 collected by the bank was not recorded in the Cash Book.
- The payment side of the Cash Book was undercast by ₹ 100.
- The electricity bill paid by the bank ₹ 6,200, was recorded twice in the Pass Book.
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200 .
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800.
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000.
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
From the following particulars prepare Bank Reconciliation Statement as on 30th June 2019.
- Credit balance as per Pass Book ₹ 20,000.
- A cheque for ₹ 3,500 was issued and paid by bank, recorded in Pass Book as ₹ 5,300.
- Cheque deposited ₹ 9,700 collected by bank was not recorded in Cash Book.
- Payment side of Cash Book was undercast by ₹ 100.
- Electricity bill paid by bank ₹ 6,200 was recorded twice in Pass Book.
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200.
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800.
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000.
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
From the following particulars, prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at March 31, 2017.
- Balance as per cash book ₹ 3,200.
- Cheque issued but not presented for payment ₹ 1,800.
- Cheque deposited but not collected upto March 31, 2014 ₹ 2,000.
- Bank charges debited by bank ₹ 150.
