Question

What are the factors affecting the climate of India?

What are the various factors responsible for the unique climate of India?

Answer 1

Factors affecting the climate of India are :

1. Latitude: The areas close to the equator, i.e. southern India, has a warm and equable climate. The northern India which is away from the equator has extreme climate-hot in summer and cold in the water.
2. Height above sea level: Temperature decreases with an increase in height above sea level. Very low temperatures are recorded in high Himalayan regions and Udhagamandalam (Ooty) and Kodaikanal in the Western Ghats.
3. Northern Mountains: They prevent the cold winds of Central Asia from entering India and hence India is protected from severe winters. They also prevent the rain-bearing monsoon winds from leaving the country and thus allowing the country to receive sufficient rainfall.
4. Distance from the Sea: Places in the interior like Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan have very hot summers and cold dry- winters as they are far from the influence of the sea. Places near the coast, such as Mumbai and Chennai, have moderate summers and winters.