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Question
Suggest some methods to assist infertile couples to have children.
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Solution
Infertile couples can be assisted by Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART).
The methods are as follows:
- In Vitro Fertilization (IVF): Commonly known as the “Test Tube Baby” programme, this is the most widely used ART method. Ova (eggs) from the wife/donor and sperm from the husband/donor are collected and induced to form a zygote under simulated conditions in a laboratory. The zygote or early embryo is then transferred into the uterus or fallopian tube.
- Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer (GIFT): A procedure in which eggs are retrieved from a woman, mixed with sperm and immediately replaced in one or the other of the woman’s fallopian tubes so that they fertilize inside the body (invivo).
- Intra-Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI): In this method, sperm and eggs are retrieved from both parents. A single sperm is injected directly into an egg; then, the fertilized egg is implanted into the woman’s uterus.
- Artificial insemination technique (AIT): In this technique, the semen is collected either from the husband or a healthy donor and is artificially introduced either into the vagina or into the uterus of the female (IUI - Intra-uterine insemination).
- Zygote intra fallopian transfer (ZIFT): ZIFT later transfers the zygote or early embryo to a woman’s fallopian tube.
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RELATED QUESTIONS
A large number of married couples the world over are childless. It is shocking to know that in India the female partner is often blamed for the couple being childless.
- Why in your opinion the female partner is often blamed for such situations in India? Mention any two values that you as a biology student can promote to check this social evil.
- State any two reasons responsible for the cause of infertility.
- Suggest a technique that can help the couple to have a child where the problem is with male partner.
After a brief medical examination a healthy couple came to know that both of them are unable to produce functional gametes and should look for an ‘ART’ (Assisted Reproductive Technique). Name the ‘ART’ and the procedure involved that you can suggest to them to help them bear a child.
Explain one application of the following:
ZIFT
Multiple choice question.
Test tube baby technique is called _______.
Fill in the blank:
Sperm fertilizes ovum in the _______of fallopian tube.
Fill in the blank:
The disc-like structure which helps in the transfer of substances to and from the fetus’s body is called _______.
Fill in the blank:
Gonorrhoea is caused by _______ bacteria.
Explain any three methods that can be used to overcome infertility.
Correct the following statement.
Transfering of an embryo with more than 8 blastomeres into the uterus is called GIFT.
Expand the following.
ZIFT
The procedure of GIFT involves the transfer of female gametes into the fallopian tube, can gametes be transferred to the uterus to achieve the same result? Explain.
Which method of ART is preferred incase of blockage of fallopian tubes?
AI is the preferred technique used incase of ____________.
Which Artificial Reproductive Technique can help a lady conceive a child if both her fallopian tubes are blocked?
The highly sophisticated procedure of directly injecting a sperm into an egg is called ______.
Test-tube baby is one who ______.
Assisted reproductive technology, IVF involves transfer of ______.
The technique called Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer (GIFT) is recommended for those females ______.
Which method can be used for women that cannot produce ovum but can provide suitable environment?
Which of these can be used to cure infertility in couples where male partner has very low sperm count?
In ET technique embryo is transferred into ______.
Mark the odd one.
Identify the correct reasons for infertility.
(i) Drugs
(ii) Diseases
(iii) Congenital
(iv) Use of Contraceptives
(v) Immunological or psychological
(vi) Assisted reproductive technology
The stage transferred into the lotuses after induced fertilization of ova in the laboratory is ______.
What are the Assisted Reproductive Techniques practised to help infertile couples? Describe any three techniques.
An infertile couple was advised to undergo In vitro fertilization by the doctor. Out of the options given below, select the correct stage for transfer to the fallopian tube for successful results.
Trace the events from copulation to zygote formation in a human female.
Given below are Column A with a list of certain Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) and in Column B the procedures followed during ART:
| Column A | Column B | ||
| S. No. | Names of ART | S. No. | Procedures |
| (A) | GIFT | (i) | Transfer of ovum from a donor into the fallopian tube of another female. |
| (B) | ICSI | (ii) | Transfer of semen from the donor into the vagina of the female. |
| (C) | ZIFT | (iii) | Injecting sperm directly into the ovum. |
| (D) | IUI | (iv) | Transfer of early embryos into the fallopian tube. |
Choose the option where ART correctly matches with the procedure.
The ______ is also called the womb.
