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Question
Present perfect passive
Inspector Narayan has been called to investigate a burglary. When he arrives, there is total chaos in the room. He makes notes about what has been damaged. You are Inspector Narayan. Look at the picture and complete the description, using the Present Perfect Passive.
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Solution
Several items in the room have been badly damaged. The carpet has been torn and spoiled. Books have been thrown here and there. The window has been smashed and its bars broken and twisted. The almirah has been broken into and searched. The telephone has been broken and its cable cut. A table has been broken. Drawers (of the table) have been pulled out and searched. Some money has been stolen.
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Here are some direct quotations from the story. Identify the speaker and write what each quotation suggests about the speaker. You can use the adjectives given in the box and may also add your own.
| amiable, tender, gentle, sympathetic, understanding, determined, diligent, kind, concerned, systematic, wise, helpful, enthusiastic, selfish, cruel, humble, religious, prudent |
| Speaker | Quotation | Quality Highlighted | |
|
a. |
'Avva, is everything all right? Are you O.K.?' |
||
| b. | 'At times, I used to regret not going to school, so I made sure that my children and grandchildren studied well.' |
||
| c. | 'Avva, don't cry. What is the matter? Can I help you in anyway?' |
||
| d. | 'We are well-off, but what use is money when I cannot be independent.' | ||
| e. | 'I will keep Saraswati Pooja day during Dassara as the deadline.' | ||
| f. | 'For a good cause if you are determined you can overcome any obstacle.' | ||
| g. | I am touching the feet of a teacher not my granddaughter.' |
You are the grandmother. How did you feel when your granddaughter gave you the novel ‘Kashi Yatre’ ? Write your feelings in your diary.
To make your diary entry interesting, read the following information about what is a diary entry.
A diary entry is a purely personal piece of writing. The writer expresses his/her thoughts and feelings. Reactions to incidents are generally poured out in a diary. Hence expressions that are emotionally charged are used.
For example – When you are happy about something, you could start like this
8th July 20xx, Wednesday 8 pm
Today I am very happy as ………………………..
Many people are of the opinion that violent, physical sports such as boxing, kick boxing and wrestling, to name a few should be banned while others think otherwise. Express your opinion on the topic by either writing in favour of banning these sports or against banning them. While writing, you should also include the rebuttal to your questions. Try not to go beyond 200 words.
The brook appears to be a symbol for life. Pick out examples of parallelism
between life and the brook from the poem.
In this poem, life is being compared to a play. Just as in a play, a man acts many
parts, so also in life, a man plays many roles. Can you think of some other
comparison for life? (For example, life could be compared with the seasons in
nature, the days of the week, the lessons in a school day.) Select one of these
comparisons (or choose one of your own), and write about the similarities that
life has with it. (80-100 words)
Teacher/ Student to read out the first part given . After you listen, answer the following questions :
Nuclear war has broken out in Europe. A school in England has been evacuated by airplane to an unknown destination. While flying over a tropical region, the plane is shot down and it bursts into flames , but the body of the plane containing the passengers falls to earth safely. A few boys (Ralph, Jack, Roger, Simon, Piggy and others) manage to scramble out. They have landed on an unnamed island which has coral reefs, beaches, caves and fruit trees. The novel tells their story.
a. What do you think happened to the boys and the plane they were flying in?
b. What happened to the other part of the plane?
c. How did Ralph attract the attention of the other boys?
d. What were the names of the first three boys who came to the meeting?
e. Why do you think the groups of boys were marching in two parallel lines?
f. Do you think there were any adults on the island? Why/ Why not?
g. Can you predict what happened to the boys next? For example, how did they organise themselves? What about shelter and food?
Choose three ‘since’ expressions and three ‘for’ expressions from the table above. Then write six sentences using the pattern in the box below.
I haven’t seen him since the day before yesterday.
I have not seen him for ages.
As a resident of Kanpur, write a formal letter to the Editor of a prominent newspaper highlighting the problem discussed in Question 2. Also give some suggestions on how this problem can be reduced.
|
FORMAL LETTER A-43 Civil lines |
Choose a suitable word from the options given and complete the story from Tunisia.
A weary traveller stopped at a Bedouin’s tent and asked for shelter for the night. Without (a)_______ delay, the man killed (b) _______chicken and handed it to (c)_______ wife for (d)___________ guest’s supper. As the woman stirred the meat in (e) _______ copper cooking pot, she smelled the rich steam and could not resist tasting (f)________ of the meat and soup, to see if it was soft and tasty. But mouthful followed mouthful, and there wasn’t (g)__________chicken left but for the neck piece, which she gave to her little son to nibble. The boy found it so tasty that he whined, “Give me (h)_______ more chicken, mother!” The woman slapped the little boy and scolded him: “It’s a shameful habit (i)______ father taught you, enough of it, I tell you!” On the (j) _______ side of the wooden hanging which screened the woman’s part of the tent from the rest, the traveller overheard them. “What habit has (k)______ father taught (l) _______ child?” he asked curiously. “Oh,” said the woman, “whenever a guest arrives at (m)_______ tent, he cuts off his ears and roasts them over the fire for (n)______ son to eat.” Making not a sound, the traveller picked up (o)_______ shoes and ran.
| (a) (i) no any (ii) little (iii) any (iv) no |
| (b) (i) a few (ii) some (iii) few (iv) a |
| (c) (i) his (ii) her (iii) their (iv) there |
| (d) (i) the (ii) a (iii) theirs (iv) their |
| (e) (i) her (ii) hers (iii) the (iv) an |
| (f) (i) some (ii) few (iii) a few (iv) more |
| (g) (i) any (ii) some (iii) a few (iv) few |
| (h) (i) little (ii) a little (iii) a few (iv) some |
| (i) (i) hers (ii) yours (iii) their (iv) his |
| (j) (i) another (ii) another (iii) other (iv) one |
| (k) (i) hers (ii) her (iii) him (iv) his |
| (l) (i) a (ii) an (iii) the (iv) x |
| (m) (i) x (ii) our (iii) ours (iv) their |
| (n) (i) their (ii) his (iii) him (iv) our |
| (o) (i) her (ii) his (iii) our (iv) x |
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(a) SOLAR MISSION
1) To promote the use of solar energy through solar photovoltaic and thermal systems for power generation .
2) To integrate other renewable energy technologies like biomass and wind. 
(b) ENERGY EFFICIENCY
1) To mitigate GHG through sector-specific and cross-cutting technology and fuel switch options.
2) To use more LNG and biomass fuels besides seeking tech transfer. 
(c) SUSTAINABLE HABITAT
1) To promote energy efficiency in the residential and commercial sectors through LPG use.
2) To manage municipal solid waste and urban public transport in a better way. 
(d) WATER MISSION
1) To promote efficient water use, augment supply in critical areas and ensure effective management of water resources.
2) To have better management of surface and groundwater,and conserve wetlands. 
(e) SUSTAINING HIMALAYAS
1) To enhance monitoring and conservation of the Himalayan ecosystems, empower local communities for management of ecological resources and promote sustainable tourism. 
(f) GREEN INDIA
1) To reduce fragmentation of forests, enhance public and private investments for plantation, upscale joint forestry management and promote conservation of biodiversity. Need to afforest degraded lands.
(g) SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE :
1) To focus on four crucial areas - dry land agriculture, risk management, access to information and promoting the use of biotechnology.
2) To develop drought and pest resistant varieties. 
The Environment in Danger
What do you think will happen to the following?
Choose four, and write one sentence about each using the modals below and/ or expressions from 10.
(a) The ozone layer
(b) The Taj Mahal
(c) The Maldives
(d) The rainforests
(e) Weather patterns
(f) Fossil fuels
(g) The Ganges delta
e.g. In my opinion, the hole in the ozone layer will grow bigger and more people will get skin cancer.
Read an extract from the poem New Year Resolution
The priest asked "Son, any new resolution this year"
I said "Father, driving with the
helmet and in first gear",
"That's good, my son, but have you any more?"
"Sure, there are ten, but I shall keep only four".
The first will be never to wipe
the shoe behind my pant
The second will be to say without hesitation "I can't",
The third is to always keep the toothpaste cap on
It's something which I never did since I was born.
The fourth, never to look at your neighbour's hedge
It's that what has brought the envy and the wedge,
The fifth is easy and you can have a ball
Never take from Peter what you have to pay Paul.
The sixth is to hold my head high even under water
Learn simple things of life from the potter,
He moulds wonders out of his two hands
Leaving impression forever on the sands.
Try and compose a poem conveying your resolutions. Let the first stanza be the
same.
e.g.
The first will be never to yawn
in public be it noon, dusk or dawn.
The second .................. .
Match the sentences in A with their meanings in B.
| A | B |
|
You should have taken your keys. You could/might have lost your keys at the cinema. You must have left your keys at home. |
It is possible that you left your keys. You are to blame for leaving your keys. I think that you probably left your keys. |
What would you do if you became invisible? Would you use your invisibility to play tricks on people or for the good of people?
Write a short paragraph on 'If I was invisible'.
In groups of four , use the language used in Question 5 to give advice in the following situations :
Several youngsters have problems in dealing with their parents. With your partner, discuss the difference ln views and complete the table below. Sometimes there may be no contradiction between the two views.
| Features | As we see ourselves | As our parents see us |
| How tidy we are | ||
| The types of clothes we wear | ||
| How courteous we are | ||
| How much we study | ||
| How independently are we allowed to express our opinions |
As children of the world, you have a role in helping to solve the problems prevalent in society. In groups or four, prepare a short skit on any one problem and present it in front of the class.
Read the following dialogue
Raghu : I think one of my snakes has escaped.
Sheela : Isn’t it dangerous? You really must stop collecting snakes, Raghu.
Raghu : But I like snakes – they are unusual pets.
Sheela : But I think it’s a dangerous thing to keep such pets.
Raghu : No, they’re not dangerous; they are really… .er… .quite friendly.
Sheela : Huh, snakes require a great deal of careful handling and are still a risk.
Raghu : i don’t mind. What matters is that I like them.
Sheela : Well, quite frankly, I hate them. They are awfully frightening to look at.
Raghu : Look, I am very careful and I handle them very gently. In fact, I don’t have many.
Sheela : Have you ever been bitten?
Raghu : Well, it’s true I’ve been bitten once or twice, but…
You are a friend who has overheard this conversation between Raghu and Sheela. Write to your sister reporting it. Give the conversation an interesting, unexpected or humorous ending. (The first part has been done for you.)
Janpath
5 January 2016
Dear Varsha
As you’re very interested in Raghu and his snakes, I thought I’d tell you about a conversation I heard between him and Sheela.
He told her he thought one of his snakes had escaped and, as usual, she told him to stop collecting them because they were dangerous. (Typical of Sheela, don’t you think?)
Pronouns
Direct speech indirect speech
| masculine | feminine | plural | |
| i | he | she | they |
| you | he | she | they |
| you | him | her | them |
| your | his | her | their |
| me | him | her | them |
| my | his | her | their |
| myself | himself | herself | themselves |
| we | they | ||
| use | them, their |
WORDS DENOTING TIME AND POSITION
When the reporting verb is in the past tense, certain words denoting nearness of
time and place are changed into words denoting distance.
It is treated necessary to change the words denoting nearness to words denoting
distance because, when we report the words of a person to somebody, the place
and time of the reporting is changed.
So the reported speech must be in line with the modified time and place.
| DIRECT SPEECH | INDIRECT SPEECH |
| this | that |
| these | those |
| now | then |
| ago | before |
| last night |
the previous night the night before |
| next day |
the following day the day after |
| today | the day |
| tonight | that night |
| yesterday |
the previous day the day before |
| tomorrow |
the next day the following day the day after |
| day before yesterday | the day before the previous day or two days before |
| day after tomorrow | the day after the next day ot in two days |
| week | the following week |
| now | then |
| here | there |
Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.
(a) The magician made the girl disappear ___________ my own eyes.
(b) He climbed _________ the ladder.
(c) There is a super market _____ our house.
(d) The train was late _________ 3 hrs.
