English

If a = [ 3 1 − 1 2 ] , Show that a 2 − 5 a + 7 I = O . Hence, Find A−1. - Mathematics

Advertisements
Advertisements

Question

If \[A = \begin{bmatrix}3 & 1 \\ - 1 & 2\end{bmatrix}\], show that 

\[A^2 - 5A + 7I = O\].  Hence, find A−1.
Advertisements

Solution

\[A = \begin{bmatrix}3 & 1 \\ - 1 & 2\end{bmatrix}\]
\[ \Rightarrow A^2 = \begin{bmatrix}3 & 1 \\ - 1 & 2\end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix}3 & 1 \\ - 1 & 2\end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix}9 - 1 & 3 + 2 \\ - 3 - 2 & - 1 + 4\end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix}8 & 5 \\ - 5 & 3\end{bmatrix}\]
and
\[ A^2 - 5A + 7I = \begin{bmatrix}8 & 5 \\ - 5 & 3\end{bmatrix} - \begin{bmatrix}15 & 5 \\ - 5 & 10\end{bmatrix} + \begin{bmatrix}7 & 0 \\ 0 & 7\end{bmatrix}\]
\[ \Rightarrow A^2 - 5A + 7I = \begin{bmatrix}8 - 15 + 7 & 5 - 5 + 0 \\ - 5 + 5 + 0 & 3 - 10 + 7\end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix}0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0\end{bmatrix} = O\]
Now, 
\[ A^2 - 5A + 7I = 0\]
\[ \Rightarrow A^2 - 5A = - 7I\]
\[ \Rightarrow A^{- 1} A^2 - 5 A^{- 1} A = - 7 A^{- 1} I \left[\text{ Pre - multiplying both sides by }A^{- 1} \right]\]
\[ \Rightarrow A - 5I = - 7 A^{- 1} \]
\[ \Rightarrow A^{- 1} = - \frac{1}{7}\left( A - 5I \right)\]
\[ \Rightarrow A^{- 1} = - \frac{1}{7}\left\{ \begin{bmatrix}3 & 1 \\ - 1 & 2\end{bmatrix} - \begin{bmatrix}5 & 0 \\ 0 & 5\end{bmatrix} \right\} = \frac{1}{7}\begin{bmatrix}2 & - 1 \\ 1 & 3\end{bmatrix}\]

shaalaa.com
  Is there an error in this question or solution?
Chapter 7: Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix - Exercise 7.1 [Page 24]

APPEARS IN

RD Sharma Mathematics [English] Class 12
Chapter 7 Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix
Exercise 7.1 | Q 19 | Page 24

RELATED QUESTIONS

The monthly incomes of Aryan and Babban are in the ratio 3 : 4 and their monthly expenditures are in the ratio 5 : 7. If each saves Rs 15,000 per month, find their monthly incomes using matrix method. This problem reflects which value?


Verify A(adj A) = (adj A)A = |A|I.

`[(2,3),(-4,-6)]`


Verify A(adj A) = (adj A)A = |A|I.

`[(1,-1,2),(3,0,-2),(1,0,3)]`


Find the inverse of the matrices (if it exists).

`[(-1,5),(-3,2)]`


Find the inverse of the matrices (if it exists).

`[(1,-1,2),(0,2,-3),(3,-2,4)]`


Let A = `[(3,7),(2,5)]` and B = `[(6,8),(7,9)]`. Verify that (AB)−1 = B−1A−1.


Let A = `[(1, sin theta, 1),(-sin theta,1,sin theta),(-1, -sin theta, 1)]` where 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π, then ______.


Find the adjoint of the following matrix:
\[\begin{bmatrix}\cos \alpha & \sin \alpha \\ \sin \alpha & \cos \alpha\end{bmatrix}\]

Verify that (adj A) A = |A| I = A (adj A) for the above matrix.

Find the adjoint of the following matrix:

\[\begin{bmatrix}1 & \tan \alpha/2 \\ - \tan \alpha/2 & 1\end{bmatrix}\]
Verify that (adj A) A = |A| I = A (adj A) for the above matrix.

If \[A = \begin{bmatrix}- 1 & - 2 & - 2 \\ 2 & 1 & - 2 \\ 2 & - 2 & 1\end{bmatrix}\] , show that adj A = 3AT.


Find the inverse of the following matrix.

\[\begin{bmatrix}1 & 2 & 5 \\ 1 & - 1 & - 1 \\ 2 & 3 & - 1\end{bmatrix}\]

Find the inverse of the following matrix and verify that \[A^{- 1} A = I_3\]

\[\begin{bmatrix}1 & 3 & 3 \\ 1 & 4 & 3 \\ 1 & 3 & 4\end{bmatrix}\]

Given \[A = \begin{bmatrix}2 & - 3 \\ - 4 & 7\end{bmatrix}\], compute A−1 and show that \[2 A^{- 1} = 9I - A .\]


Given  \[A = \begin{bmatrix}5 & 0 & 4 \\ 2 & 3 & 2 \\ 1 & 2 & 1\end{bmatrix}, B^{- 1} = \begin{bmatrix}1 & 3 & 3 \\ 1 & 4 & 3 \\ 1 & 3 & 4\end{bmatrix}\] . Compute (AB)−1.


Let
\[F \left( \alpha \right) = \begin{bmatrix}\cos \alpha & - \sin \alpha & 0 \\ \sin \alpha & \cos \alpha & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1\end{bmatrix}\text{ and }G\left( \beta \right) = \begin{bmatrix}\cos \beta & 0 & \sin \beta \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ - \sin \beta & 0 & \cos \beta\end{bmatrix}\]

Show that

(i) \[\left[ F \left( \alpha \right) \right]^{- 1} = F \left( - \alpha \right)\]
(ii) \[\left[ G \left( \beta \right) \right]^{- 1} = G \left( - \beta \right)\]
(iii) \[\left[ F \left( \alpha \right)G \left( \beta \right) \right]^{- 1} = G \left( - \beta \right)F \left( - \alpha \right)\]

If  \[A = \begin{bmatrix}4 & 3 \\ 2 & 5\end{bmatrix}\], find x and y such that 

\[A^2 = xA + yI = O\] . Hence, evaluate A−1.

Show that \[A = \begin{bmatrix}6 & 5 \\ 7 & 6\end{bmatrix}\] satisfies the equation \[x^2 - 12x + 1 = O\]. Thus, find A−1.


\[\text{ If }A^{- 1} = \begin{bmatrix}3 & - 1 & 1 \\ - 15 & 6 & - 5 \\ 5 & - 2 & 2\end{bmatrix}\text{ and }B = \begin{bmatrix}1 & 2 & - 2 \\ - 1 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 1\end{bmatrix},\text{ find }\left( AB \right)^{- 1} .\]

Find the inverse by using elementary row transformations:

\[\begin{bmatrix}7 & 1 \\ 4 & - 3\end{bmatrix}\]


Find the inverse by using elementary row transformations:

\[\begin{bmatrix}2 & 5 \\ 1 & 3\end{bmatrix}\]


Find the inverse by using elementary row transformations:

\[\begin{bmatrix}3 & 10 \\ 2 & 7\end{bmatrix}\]


If \[A = \begin{bmatrix}a & b \\ c & d\end{bmatrix}, B = \begin{bmatrix}1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1\end{bmatrix}\] , find adj (AB).


If \[A = \begin{bmatrix}3 & 1 \\ 2 & - 3\end{bmatrix}\], then find |adj A|.


If \[A = \begin{bmatrix}a & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & a & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & a\end{bmatrix}\] , then the value of |adj A| is _____________ .


If B is a non-singular matrix and A is a square matrix, then det (B−1 AB) is equal to ___________ .


For any 2 × 2 matrix, if \[A \left( adj A \right) = \begin{bmatrix}10 & 0 \\ 0 & 10\end{bmatrix}\] , then |A| is equal to ______ .


If \[A = \frac{1}{3}\begin{bmatrix}1 & 1 & 2 \\ 2 & 1 & - 2 \\ x & 2 & y\end{bmatrix}\] is orthogonal, then x + y =

(a) 3
(b) 0
(c) − 3
(d) 1


If \[A = \begin{bmatrix}1 & 0 & 1 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \\ a & b & 2\end{bmatrix},\text{ then aI + bA + 2 }A^2\] equals ____________ .


If \[\begin{bmatrix}1 & - \tan \theta \\ \tan \theta & 1\end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix}1 & \tan \theta \\ - \tan \theta & 1\end{bmatrix} - 1 = \begin{bmatrix}a & - b \\ b & a\end{bmatrix}\], then _______________ .


Find A−1, if \[A = \begin{bmatrix}1 & 2 & 5 \\ 1 & - 1 & - 1 \\ 2 & 3 & - 1\end{bmatrix}\] . Hence solve the following system of linear equations:x + 2y + 5z = 10, x − y − z = −2, 2x + 3y − z = −11


If A = `[(x, 5, 2),(2, y, 3),(1, 1, z)]`, xyz = 80, 3x + 2y + 10z = 20, ten A adj. A = `[(81, 0, 0),(0, 81, 0),(0, 0, 81)]`


`("aA")^-1 = 1/"a"  "A"^-1`, where a is any real number and A is a square matrix.


A square matrix A is invertible if det A is equal to ____________.


Find x, if `[(1,2,"x"),(1,1,1),(2,1,-1)]` is singular


If `abs((2"x", -1),(4,2)) = abs ((3,0),(2,1))` then x is ____________.


If A is a square matrix of order 3 and |A| = 5, then |adj A| = ______.


If A = `[(1/sqrt(5), 2/sqrt(5)),((-2)/sqrt(5), 1/sqrt(5))]`, B = `[(1, 0),(i, 1)]`, i = `sqrt(-1)` and Q = ATBA, then the inverse of the matrix A. Q2021 AT is equal to ______.


A furniture factory uses three types of wood namely, teakwood, rosewood and satinwood for manufacturing three types of furniture, that are, table, chair and cot.

The wood requirements (in tonnes) for each type of furniture are given below:

  Table Chair Cot
Teakwood 2 3 4
Rosewood 1 1 2
Satinwood 3 2 1

It is found that 29 tonnes of teakwood, 13 tonnes of rosewood and 16 tonnes of satinwood are available to make all three types of furniture.

Using the above information, answer the following questions:

  1. Express the data given in the table above in the form of a set of simultaneous equations.
  2. Solve the set of simultaneous equations formed in subpart (i) by matrix method.
  3. Hence, find the number of table(s), chair(s) and cot(s) produced.

Share
Notifications

Englishहिंदीमराठी


      Forgot password?
Use app×