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Question
How can you remove the hard calcium carbonate layer of the egg without damaging its semiprermiable membrane? Can this egg be inserted into a bottle with a narrow neck without distorting its shape? Explain the process involved.
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Solution
(i) When egg is placed in dilute mineral acid solution (preferably dilute \[\ce{HCl}\] solution), the hard external \[\ce{CaCO3}\] layer of the egg dissolves out/removed without damaging its semipermeable menbrane.
(ii) Yes, this egg can be inserted into a bottle with a narrow neck without distorting is shape.
This process invloved utilising phenomenon of osmosis is explained as below:
Egg is placed in mineral acid solution - after time egg is removed and placed in a hypertonic solution* - Size of the egg gradually decreases after some time and it shrivles due to osmasis. SInce the egg has shrivelled it can, now be inserted easily into a bottle with narrow mouth. The egg is, therefore, placed in a battle with narrow neck and then a hypotonic solution is filled into this bottle. On adding hypotonic solution**, egg regains shape due to osmosis.
• Hypertonic solution - is a solution with higher salt concentration than that of the normal body cells so that the solvent/water is drawn out of the cell by osmosis; or any solution with higher osmotic pressure than another solution is called "Hypertonic solution".
• Hypotonic solution is a solution with lower salt concentration than that of the normal body cells so that water/solvent flows into the cell by osmosis; or - hypotonic solution is a solution which has lower osmotic pressure than the other solution.
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