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Question
Give three distinct test [apart from using an indicator] you would carry out with solution of HCl to illustrate the typical properties of an acid.
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Solution
1. HCl gas gives thick white fumes of ammonium chloride when a glass rod dipped in ammonia solution is held near the vapours of the acid.
\[\ce{NH3 + HCl -> NH4Cl}\]
2. With silver nitrate, HCl gives a white precipitate of silver chloride. The precipitate is insoluble in nitric acid but soluble in ammonium hydroxide.
\[\ce{AgNO3 + HCl -> AgCl + HNO3}\]
3. A greenish-yellow gas is liberated when concentrated hydrochloric acid is heated with an oxidizing agent like manganese dioxide.
\[\ce{MnO2 + 4HCl -> MnCl2 +2H2O + Cl2}\]
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