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Question
Give simple chemical test to distinguish between Ethanol and Phenol.
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Solution
Phenol is unsaturated aromatic alcohol, while ethanol is saturated aliphatic alcohol.
Ethanol reacts with triiodomethane (iodoform test) and forms the yellow precipitate, while phenol does not give this test.
Phenol has benzene ring, it undergoes diazo coupling reaction, while ethanol does not give this test.
Phenol decolorises bromine solution showing it is an unsaturated compound while ethanol does not decolorize bromine solution showing it is a saturated compound.
With neutral FeCl3, phenol forms violet complex while ethanol does not.
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