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Question
Give simple chemical test to distinguish between Ethanol and Phenol.
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Solution
Phenol is unsaturated aromatic alcohol, while ethanol is saturated aliphatic alcohol.
Ethanol reacts with triiodomethane (iodoform test) and forms the yellow precipitate, while phenol does not give this test.
Phenol has benzene ring, it undergoes diazo coupling reaction, while ethanol does not give this test.
Phenol decolorises bromine solution showing it is an unsaturated compound while ethanol does not decolorize bromine solution showing it is a saturated compound.
With neutral FeCl3, phenol forms violet complex while ethanol does not.
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RELATED QUESTIONS
How do you convert the following:
Ethanol to Propan-2-ol
Wood spirit is known as acetone:
Phenol can be distinguished from ethanol by the reactions with:
(i) \[\ce{Br2/water}\]
(ii) \[\ce{Na}\]
(iii) Neutral \[\ce{FeCl3}\]
(iv) All the above
Dipole moment of phenol is smaller than that of methanol. Why?
The carbon-oxygen bond in phenol is slightly stronger than that in methanol. Why?
Arrange water, ethanol and phenol in increasing order of acidity and give reason for your answer.
Match the items of column I with items of column II.
| Column I | Column II | |
| (i) | Methanol | (a) Conversion of phenol to o-hydroxysalicylic acid |
| (ii) | Kolbe’s reaction | (b) Ethyl alcohol |
| (iii) | Williamson’s synthesis | (c) Conversion of phenol to salicylaldehyde |
| (iv) | Conversion of 2° alcohol to ketone | (d) Wood spirit |
| (v) | Reimer-Tiemann reaction | (e) Heated copper at 573 K |
| (vi) | Fermentation | (f) Reaction of alkyl halide with sodium alkoxide |
Assertion: Ethanol is a weaker acid than phenol.
Reason: Sodium ethoxide may be prepared by the reaction of ethanol with aqueous \[\ce{NaOH}\].
Alcoholic fermentation is brought about by the action of
Convert the following Ethanal to ethanol.
