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Question
Explain the meaning of saturated hydrocarbons with two examples.
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Solution
(1) Saturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons in which the carbon atoms are connected by single bonds only. They are also called alkanes, and their general formula is CnH2n+2, where n is the number of carbon atoms in each of their molecules.
Examples: Methane (CH4) and butane (C4H10) are saturated hydrocarbons with 1 and 4 carbon atoms respectively, and their names end with 'ane'. The atoms are only connected by single covalent bonds.
The structures are represented below
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\[\begin{array}{cc}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\\
|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\\\ce{H - C - C - C - H}\\
|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\\\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{}\phantom{.....}\ce{H}\\
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\ce{H}
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